诺尼果多糖对高脂膳食小鼠胆汁酸代谢和肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Noni Fruit Polysaccharide on Bile Acid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota of Mice Fed on a High-fat Diet

摘要:

为探究诺尼果多糖对长期高脂膳食引起的代谢紊乱和肥胖的预防作用及其可能机制，该研究分别通过饲以高脂饲料建立高脂膳食小鼠模型和灌胃广谱抗生素建立伪无菌小鼠模型，分析比较诺尼果多糖干预对高脂膳食小鼠体质量、粪便总胆汁酸含量（Total Bile Acid, TBA）和肠道菌群组成的影响。结果表明与高脂膳食组相比，诺尼果多糖组小鼠体质量降低11.91%，粪便总胆汁酸含量增加29.58%。但在伪无菌高脂膳食小鼠中，诺尼果多糖的上述作用未能有效发挥，说明肠道菌群在诺尼果多糖抑制高脂膳食小鼠体质量增长，促进小鼠粪便总胆汁酸排出中发挥关键作用。Spearman相关性分析结果表明，粪杆菌（Faecalibaculum）、杜氏乳杆菌（Dubosiella）、鼠杆菌（Muribaculaceae）等是在第4周和第12周均发挥促进TBA排出，抑制小鼠体质量增长作用的菌属。该研究结果表明，诺尼果多糖通过促进上述有益肠道菌的增殖，发挥促进高脂膳食小鼠TBA排出，抑制高脂膳食小鼠体质量增长的作用。

Abstract:

To investigate the preventive effect and potential mechanism of noni fruit polysaccharides (NP) on metabolic disorders and obesity induced by long-term intake of high-fat diet (HFD), an HFD mouse model and a pseudo germ-free (PGF) mouse model were established by providing high-fat feed and intragastric administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, respectively. The effects of NP intervention on the body weight, fecal total bile acid (TBA) levels, and gut microbiota composition were analyzed and compared. Results showed that the body weight of mice in the NP group decreased by 11.91% and fecal TBA increased by 29.58% compared to mice in the HFD group. However, the beneficial effects of NP were not observed in PGF HFD mice, indicating that the gut microbiota plays a key role in inhibiting body weight gain and promoting fecal TBA excretion by NP in HFD mice. Results of Spearman correlation analysis suggest that Faecalibaculum, Dubosiella, and Muribaculaceae among others promoted TBA excretion and inhibited body weight gain in HFD mice at weeks 4 and 12. These findings indicate that NP can promote TBA excretion and inhibit body weight gain in HFD mice by enhancing the proliferation of the beneficial gut bacteria.