Abstract:Peanut quality varies owing to growing conditions and environment. Analyzing the quality of peanuts from different origins is conducive to optimizing raw material selection and providing a reference for the processing and utilization of peanut products. Peanuts are grown in the south, north, and east of Xinjiang, but few varieties designed for processing are suitable for cultivation in different regions of Xinjiang. A total of 32 samples were collected from different regions of Xinjiang and three mainland provinces, and six indices, including the oil, protein, sucrose, protein subunit, and amino acid content, and the oleic/linoleic acid ratio were measured, analyzed, and compared. The results reveal differences in the nutrient content of the same peanut variety grown in different regions. In general, in terms of the oil, protein, and sucrose content and other indices, the peanuts from Xinjiang were better than those grown on the mainland, to varying degrees. Further analysis showed that the peanuts from Turpan had the highest oil, peanut conglobulin, and total amino acid content and oleic/linoleic acid ratio, with values of 55.71%, 37.39%, 28.23 g/100 g, and 35.11, respectively. The highest protein and peanut globulin content were observed in the peanuts from Alar (22.67 g/100 g and 63.28%, respectively). In contrast, the peanuts grown in Hotan exhibited the highest sucrose and 23.5 ku subunit content (5.07 g/100 g and 20.48%, respectively) and those from Sanping had the highest 37.5 ku subunit content (9.31%). This study on the nutritional compositions of different varieties of peanuts in different regions of Xinjiang provides a reference for the regional layout of the peanut industry in Xinjiang and a basis for enterprises to select high-quality raw materials and establish raw material bases.
