宁夏贺兰山东麓不同子产区‘马瑟兰’干红葡萄酒颜色和酚类物质组成比较

Comparison of Color and Phenolic Composition of ‘Marselan’ Dry Red Wines from Different Sub-regions of the Eastern Foothills of the Helan Mountains, Ningxia

摘要:

为探究宁夏贺兰山东麓产区各子产区‘马瑟兰’干红葡萄酒酚类物质与颜色差异，选取贺兰县（HL）、西夏区（XX），永宁县（YN），青铜峡市（QTX）的‘马瑟兰’干红，测定其颜色参数和酚类物质的组分。各子产区酒样在颜色参数上不存在显著差异，颜色与年份间有着更明显的关系。XX的单体花色苷总量（69.83 mg/L）显著高于YN（19.37 mg/L）；HL和QTX的杨梅酮含量（6.98 mg/L）显著高于YN（2.37 mg/L）；XX的原花青素B，(-)-表儿茶素，(-)-表棓儿茶素显著高于YN。HL的龙胆酸（2.44 mg/L）显著高于XX（1.50 mg/L）和YN（1.31 mg/L）。XX的3-羟基肉桂酸含量（46.37 mg/L）显著高于QTX（32.14 mg/L）和YN（26.44 mg/L），HL（41.63 mg/L）显著高于YN。基于酚类物质含量进行逐一判别分析可以将各子产区的葡萄酒样品清楚地区分。相关性分析显示，葡萄酒中的甲基花翠素类，二甲花翠素类，黄酮醇，黄烷醇与葡萄酒的L*值和b*值呈显著负相关，与a*和C*值呈显著正相关。综上可知，宁夏贺兰山东麓各子产区‘马瑟兰’干红葡萄酒在颜色上差异不显著，但在酚类物质组成上具有显著的风土特异性。

Abstract:

This study was conducted to explore the terroir-specific characteristics of the phenolic compounds and colors of ‘Marselan’ dry red wines produced in various sub-regions of the eastern foothills of Helan Mountain in Ningxia. CIELAB color parameters and phenolic fractions of ‘Marselan’ dry red wines from Helan (HL), Xixia (XX), Yongning (YN), and Qingtongxia (QTX) were quantitatively characterized. No significant differences in color parameters were observed among the wine samples from these sub-regions. Color was found to correlate more significantly with vintage. Total monomeric anthocyanins were significantly higher in XX (69.83 mg/L) than in YN (19.37 mg/L); myricetin was significantly higher in HL and QTX (6.98 mg/L) than in YN (2.37 mg/L); procyanidin B, (-)-epicatechin, and (-)-epigallocatechin were significantly higher in XX than in YN; HL had significantly higher gentisic acid (2.44 mg/L) than XX (1.50 mg/L) and YN (1.31 mg/L); XX had significantly higher 3-hydroxycinnamic acid (46.37 mg/L) than QTX (32.14 mg/L) and YN (26.44 mg/L); HL (41.63 mg/L) also contained higher 3-hydroxycinnamic acid content than YN. Case-by-case discriminant analysis based on the phenolic contents clearly distinguished wine samples from different sub-regions. Correlation analysis found significant negative correlations between malvidins, petunidins, flavonols, and flavanols in the wines and L* and b* values. Significant positive correlations with a* values were found. ‘Marselan’ dry red wines from the Eastern Foothills of the Helan Mountains in Ningxia were not found to differ significantly in color, but displayed significant terroir specificity in phenolic composition.