提高羊肚菌液态发酵三萜含量的诱导条件优化

Optimization of Inducer Conditions for Promoting Triterpene Production in Liquid State Fermentation of Morchella

摘要:

为了充分综合利用羊肚菌资源，提高羊肚菌三萜含量，该研究通过单因素试验确定多种诱导子提高羊肚菌液体发酵时三萜含量的最佳条件，通过响应面试验来优化多种诱导子对羊肚菌液态发酵三萜含量的促进条件，并对三萜合成途径中的两种关键酶的酶活进行了测定。结果表明，最佳处理为磁场强度2.81 mT、赤霉素0.56 g/L、水杨酸214.54 mmol/L。在此条件下，羊肚菌三萜的积累量最大达到60.26 mg/g，是优化前的160.72%（m/m），法尼基焦磷酸合成酶（SS）酶活和鲨烯合酶（FPS）酶活分别为39.93 IU/L和71.08 IU/L分别是对照组的190.85%和178.02%（m/m）。因此，采用磁场、赤霉素结合水杨酸作为处理可以显著提高羊肚菌三萜含量，且三萜的积累是通过提高其合成途径中的两种关键酶所致。该研究为羊肚菌富集有益代谢产物的诱导剂及羊肚菌新产品的开发提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

To fully utilize Morchella resources and increase its triterpene content, the optimal conditions of multiple inducers for promoting triterpene production in liquid fermentation of the fungus were determined using single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. Additionally, the activities of two key enzymes in the triterpene biosynthetic pathway were measured. According to the results obtained, the optimal treatment conditions were a magnetic field intensity of 2.81 mT, gibberellin concentration of 0.56 g/L, and salicylic acid concentration of 214.54 mmol/L. Under these conditions, the maximum concentration of triterpenes accumulated in Morchella was 60.26 mg/g, which was 160.72% (m/m) more than that before optimization. The enzymatic activities of squalene synthase and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase were 39.93 and 71.08 IU/L, respectively, which were 190.85% and 178.02% (m/m) (SS) more than that of the control group (FPS). Therefore, combined treatment with a magnetic field, gibberellins, and salicylic acid can considerably promote triterpene production by Morchella. Furthermore, the accumulation of triterpenes was attributed to the enhanced activity of two key enzymes in the triterpene biosynthetic pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of inducers for enriching beneficial metabolites and new products of Morchella.