该研究探讨了两色金鸡菊中马里苷的肠道菌群代谢情况，考察了马里苷代谢规律并探索其原型成分与代谢产物的相关性。采集健康SD大鼠新鲜粪便制备肠菌孵育液，建立大鼠肠道菌群体外孵育模型，与马里苷单体在厌氧环境下共孵育。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆串联飞行时间高分辨质谱（Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Quadrupole Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry，UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）技术对0、6、12、24、36 h的代谢产物进行定性分析。利用外标法对马里苷及其4种主要代谢产物黄诺马苷、异奥卡宁、异绿原酸B、奥卡宁不同时间段的含量进行测定，观察马里苷在肠道菌培养液中的代谢规律。最终在大鼠肠道菌群孵育液中共鉴定出11个代谢产物，发现马里苷在肠道菌群代谢过程中主要发生了异构化、葡萄糖醛酸化、环裂解、羟基化、乙酰化等反应。马里苷在肠道菌的作用下，6 h就已检测不到原型成分，12~24 h主要的代谢产物为异奥卡宁、奥卡宁、7,3',5'-三羟基黄酮、槲皮素等由马里苷代谢产生的苷元。综上，肠道菌加速了马里苷的水解脱糖，在代谢后期产生的代谢产物均为苷元。

The metabolism of marein in Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. was investigated by research of intestinal flora, and the mechanisms of marein metabolism was explored in this study as well as the relationship between its prototypical components and metabolic products. Fresh feces from healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were collected to prepare an intestinal bacterial culture solution. An in vitro incubation model of rat intestinal flora was then established, and marein monomer was inoculated into this model and cultured under anaerobic conditions. Metabolites at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 36 hours were qualitatively analyzed using Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Quadrupole Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). The external standard method was used to determine marein content and levels of its four main metabolites - flavanomarein, isookanin, isochlorogenic acid B, and okanin - at different incubation times. This allowed characterization of marein metabolism in rat intestinal bacterial culture solution. Eleven metabolites were identified in rat intestinal flora cultured with marein. During marein metabolism by rat intestinal flora, reactions including isomerizations, glucuronidation, ring cleavage, hydroxylation, and acetylation were prominent. Under the action of rat intestinal flora, the prototype components of marein became undetectable by 6 hours. Between 12 to 24 hours, detectable primary marein metabolic products were isookanin, okanin, 7,3′,5′-trihydroxyflavone, quercetin, and other genins. In conclusion, intestinal flora accelerates the hydrolysis and deglycosylation of marein, with all late-stage metabolic products being genins.

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（81903915）