脉冲强光预处理联合控湿干燥提升香菇的贮藏品质

Improving the Storage Quality of Shiitake Mushroom by Intense Pulsed Light Pretreatment Combined with Humidity-controlled Drying

摘要:

该研究探讨了脉冲强光（IPL）预处理联合控湿干燥对香菇储藏品质的影响。研究发现，脉冲强光预处理可以降低贮藏期间新鲜和干香菇的呼吸速率，分别为对照的76.69%和84.65%；脉冲强光预处理提高了还原糖的保留率。新鲜和干香菇在贮藏期间对照的多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性分别是IPL预处理样品的1.73倍和1.39倍，酶促褐变反应受到抑制，也因此提高了总酚的保留率。IPL可以提高鲜、干香菇在贮藏期间的品质、多糖保留率和抗氧化能力，延缓软化。IPL处理降低了新鲜香菇在贮藏期间的菌落总数（从6.43~8.02 log CFU/g减少至3.29~4.66 log CFU/g），但是对干香菇在贮藏期间菌落总数影响较小。与热烫处理相比，脉冲强光处理提升香菇贮藏品质更佳。因此脉冲强光可以作为一种稳定的预处理手段用于香菇干燥和保鲜中。

Abstract:

The effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) pretreatment combined with humidity-controlled drying on storage quality of shiitake mushroom were evaluated. The results showed that IPL pretreatment could reduce the respiration rate of fresh and dried shiitake mushroom, by 76.69% and 84.65%, respectively, and improved the retention rate of reducing sugar during storage. The polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities of the fresh and dried shiitake mushrooms during storage were 1.73 times and 1.39 times that of the IPL-pretreated samples, respectively, and the enzymatic browning reaction was inhibited, thereby increasing the retention rate of total phenols. IPL treatment was found to improve the quality, polysaccharide retention rate, and antioxidant capacity of fresh and dried shiitake mushroom during storage and delayed softening. IPL treatment also reduced the total bacterial count of fresh shiitake mushroom (from 6.43~8.02 to 3.29~4.66 log CFU/g) but had little effect on the total bacterial count of dried shiitake mushroom. IPL treatment improved the storage quality of shiitake mushrooms to a greater degree than did blanching treatment. Therefore, IPL treatment can be used as a stable pretreatment method for the drying and preservation of shiitake mushrooms.