功能糖引发腹胀的机制研究进展

Progress of Research on Mechanism of Functional Sugar-induced Abdominal Distension

摘要:

功能糖主要包括功能性低聚糖、功能性膳食纤维和功能性糖醇等。功能糖，尤其是功能性低聚糖，是最常见的益生元，在促进肠道动力、保护肠粘膜屏障、调节肠道菌群、提高机体免疫力等方面均具有积极的作用。然而，在食用功能糖的过程中，部分人出现腹胀现象，极大影响了功能糖服用的依从性及其疗效的发挥。目前，功能糖引发腹胀的原因尚不明确。该研究综合国内外相关报道，对功能糖引发腹胀的原因及检测方法进行了总结和分析，发现功能糖引发的腹胀与肠道气体和水分产生增加、肠道气体分布异常，以及肠道对内容物的感觉障碍等有关。同时，该研究还总结了包括调整功能糖配方、调节肠道菌群、促进气体排出、减轻内脏感知等多种干预方法，为减少功能糖在治疗和预防疾病中不良反应提供了新思路，有利于提高功能糖服用的依从性从而改善其防治疾病的效果。

Abstract:

Functional sugars mainly comprise functional oligosaccharides, functional dietary fibers, and functional sugar alcohols. Functional sugars, especially functional oligosaccharides, are the most common prebiotics, which promote intestinal motility, protect the gut mucosal barrier, regulate intestinal flora, and improve body immunity. However, some people develop abdominal distension upon taking functional sugars; hence, compliance in taking functional sugars is affected and the efficacy is reduced. The cause of functional sugar-induced abdominal bloating is not clear. In this study, the causes of abdominal distension induced by functional sugars and the methods to detect them were identified and analyzed based on the relevant reports at home and abroad. Abdominal distension induced by functional sugars was found to be related to an increase in intestinal gas and water levels, the abnormal distribution of intestinal gas, and the sensory impairment of intestinal contents. A variety of intervention methods, including the adjustment of functional sugar formulae, regulation of intestinal flora, promotion of gas emission, and reduction of visceral perception, were also identified. It is beneficial to improve compliance in taking functional sugars to improve their effectiveness in preventing and treating diseases.