共固定化纳米酶的制备及其在级联催化反应中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on Preparation of Co-immobilized Nanoenzymes and Their Application in Cascade Bioreactions

摘要:

级联酶复合体可通过构建底物通道的方式加快催化效率，已经成功应用在合成医药、化妆品、功能性食品等不同工业领域。生物酶可参与的催化反应种类丰富而且是现代合成化学中的绿色经济型可持续生产工具，但在工业化生产中，固定化级联酶复合体更适合大规模生产，因为固定化技术不仅能够提高酶催化反应效率，还有利于提高酶稳定性以及简化生物催化剂的回收使用。最值得注意的是，酶催化性能、固定化方法、相关反应动力学特性均是酶复合体的活性和稳定性的关键影响因素。综合生物学和材料学领域的研究进展，如兼具纳米特性和稳定性能的载体材料的研发，级联酶共固定化技术将充分平衡各催化组分，从而设计出理想的酶复合体催化机器。因此，该研究结合键联方式和载体材料就近年来多酶的共固定化技术研究发展和相关领域应用进行了综述。

Abstract:

Cascading enzyme complexes can enhance cascade enzymatic activity through substrate channeling, which succeed in industrial process development, such as synthesis of pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and functional foods. The variety of reactions provided by enzyme has promoted biocatalysts been as a green economic sustainable production tool in modern synthetic chemistry. Nevertheless, co-immobilized cascading enzyme complexes are favorable to large-scale industrial manufacture. The advantages of using immobilization include not only improved cascade enzymatic activity but also enhanced enzyme stability and ease of recovery for reuse. Most noteworthily, characteristics of enzyme catalysis, immobilization methods, corresponding reaction kinetics are the key factors for activity and stability of enzyme complexes. As to sufficient coordination, the development in biology and materials science, such as the research and development of loading materials with nano characteristics and more stable properties, probably has provided for design of ideal multienzyme complexes devices. Based on different bonding methods and loading materials, recent advanced in bioreactions via co-immobilized multi-enzyme were described in this review.