探究淡豆豉对急性酒精性肝损伤大鼠的肝保护作用；用低、高剂量[ 5 g/(kg·bw)、10 g/(kg·bw) ]的淡豆豉对大鼠进行为期一周的预处理，再用12 mg/(kg·bw) 52°红星二锅头一次性灌胃造成大鼠急性酒精性肝损伤，分别测定大鼠血清谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）等指标和肝脏中乙醇脱氢酶（ADH）、细胞色素P4502E1（CYP2E1）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）等指标，并采用H&E染色观察肝组织形态。结果表明，不同剂量的淡豆豉能够抑制血清中AST、ALT、和ALP水平的升高，抑制率最高为47.18%；不同剂量淡豆豉和阳性对照均能显著降低炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的水平，其中高剂量淡豆豉对IL-1β水平的抑制率达到了72.03%；高剂量淡豆豉预处理使肝组织中CAT的酶活升高到312.80 U/mg prot，SOD和GSH-Px的水平也显著高于模型组（p<0.01）；肝组织切片结果表明淡豆豉能改善大鼠肝细胞损伤程度。因此，自制淡豆豉对ALD具有保护作用，主要是通过降低炎症反应和提高抗氧化能力实现的。

The protective effect of fermented black soybeans against acute alcoholic liver injury was investigated in rats. Rats were pretreated with the fermented black soybeans at a low or high dosage [5 g/(kg·bw); 10 g/(kg·bw)] for one week, then subjected to acute alcoholic liver injury caused by a single administration of 52° Red Star Erhuotou [12 mg/(kg bw)]. Glutamic oxalyl transaminase (AST), glutamic alanine transaminase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the serum, and the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the liver were measured. The morphology of the liver tissues was observed by H&E staining. The results showed that the increases of AST, ALT and ALP levels in the serum were inhibited by the pretreatments with different doses of fermented black soybeans, with the highest inhibitory rate up to 47.18%. The levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were reduced by the pretreatments with different doses of fermented black soybean and the positive controls, with the high dose of fermented black soybeans inhibiting IL-1β by 72.03%. The enzymatic activity of CAT in the liver increased to 312.80 U/mg prot by the pretreatment with the high dose of fermented black soybean, with the levels of SOD and GSH-Px also significantly higher than those of the model group (p<0.01). The results of liver tissue sections showed that fermented black soybeans ameliorated the extent of hepatocyte damage in rats. Thus, the self-made fermented black soybeans has a protective function against ALD, mainly by reducing the inflammatory response and increasing the antioxidant capacity.

财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助（CARS-21）；广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2020B020226008）；广东省自然科学基金项目（2020A1515011268）