建立了测定酵米面和银耳及其制品中的毒黄素和热诚菌素的高效液相色谱法。样品经提取后，以C18色谱柱分离目标化合物，保留时间和光谱图定性，外标法定量。对建立的方法与现有的方法进行了对比，同时比较了两种目标物在不同条件下的稳定性。结果表明：两种目标物在0.20~20.00 mg/L浓度范围内呈良好线性，R2>0.999，检出限分别均为0.15 mg/kg（酵米面）和0.30 mg/kg（银耳及其制品），方法回收率为79.77%~104.36%，相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.96%~8.91%（n=6）。毒黄素和热诚菌素在碱性条件下含量均迅速降解至40%以下，毒黄素在酸性条件下会在5个月内降解至26%以下，而热诚菌素在酸性条件下以及两者在甲醇溶液中5个月内稳定性较好，吸光值RSD均小于3.18%。该方法较现有的方法简便快捷、干扰小、准确度高，可应用于酵米面和银耳及其制品中的毒黄素和热诚菌素的检测。稳定性试验可为后期的解毒或避毒提供有力的参考。

A high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed to determine toxoflavin and fervenulin, in fermented corn flour, as well as in Tremella fuciformis and its products. After extraction, the target compounds were separated using a C18 column. The retention times and spectrograms were used for qualitative determination, and the levels were quantitatively measured using external standards. The established method was compared with the existing methods. The stability of the two target compounds, namely toxoflavin and fervenulin, under different conditions were also compared. The results suggest that the two target compounds show good linearity in the concentration range of 0.20~20.00 mg/L, R2>0.999. The limits of detection of toxoflavin and fervenulin were 0.15 mg/kg (fermented corn flour) and 0.30 mg/kg (T. fuciformis and its products), respectively. The recovery rates were 79.77%~104.36% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.96%~8.91% (n=6). The levels of both toxoflavin and fervenulin rapidly decreased to less than 40% under alkaline conditions. In contrast, the toxoflavin content reduced to less than 26% under acidic conditions in 5 months, whereas fervenulin remained stable under the same condition. Both compounds were stable in methanol within the tested period (5 months). The RSDs of absorbance were less than 3.18%. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed method is simple and rapid, with low interference and high accuracy. It could be applied for the determination of toxoflavin and fervenulin in fermented corn flour as well as in T. fuciformis and its products. The stability test can provide an excellent reference for detoxification or poisoning avoidance in future.

食品安全监测与预警湖南省重点实验室开放基金项目（2020KFJJ07）