咖啡豆产地溯源研究进展

Research Progress on Geographical Origin Traceability of Coffee Beans

摘要:

由于产地咖啡豆具有较高的经济价值且消费市场供不应求，从而导致咖啡豆产地造假现象严重，因此急需要开发能够准确追溯咖啡豆原产地的技术与方法。该研究介绍了全球咖啡豆主要产地信息，分析了国内外咖啡豆产地溯源相关的研究论文，比较了代谢组学、多元素指纹图谱、稳定同位素、太赫磁光谱以及红外光谱技术结合化学计量学方法在咖啡豆产地溯源应用中的优劣势，发现轻稳定同位素与多元素指纹图谱相结合的方法能够很好的实现咖啡豆产地溯源，且该方法稳定性、准确性高同时溯源成本相对较低。在此基础上，展望了轻稳定同位素技术结合多元素指纹图谱在咖啡豆产地溯源研究领域的重点和发展方向。

Abstract:

Due to the relatively high economic value of coffee beans in the origin and their shortage of supply in the consumer market, coffee bean origin fraud is becoming more severe. Therefore, it is urgent to develop technologies and methods that can accurately trace the geographical origin of coffee beans. This review introduces the main origins of coffee beans in the world and analyzes 79 domestic and international research papers related to the geographical origin of coffee beans, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of metabolomics, multi-element fingerprinting, stable isotopes, terahertz magnetic spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometric methods in the applications of tracing the origin of coffee beans. It was found that the combination of light stable isotopes with multi-element fingerprints can effectively trace the geographical origin of coffee beans. This method has high stability and accuracy, and requires relatively low cost for traceability. On this basis, the focus and development direction for the combined use of light stable isotope technique and multi-element fingerprints in the research field of coffee bean origin are prospected.