为研究全蛋及去蛋黄摄入对代谢综合征（Metabolic syndrome，MetS）小鼠脂代谢的影响，该实验通过高脂喂养构建MetS小鼠模型。将40只C57BL/6雄性小鼠分成空白对照组（Normal diet，ND）、模型组（High-fat diet，HFD）、全蛋摄入组（High-fat diet+egg，EGG）、去蛋黄替代物组（High-fat diet+substitute of free egg yolk，SUB）和洛伐他汀组（Lovastatin，Lov）。实验周期为60 d，末期测定脏器指数、相关生化指标、组织切片及相关酶水平。结果显示，EGG摄入显著抑制小鼠体重增长（p<0.05）。EGG血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low-density lipoprotein cholesterol，LDL-C）和总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TC）含量分别为HFD组的74.51%和77.03%。较HFD组，EGG和SUB抑制了由HFD引起的肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）和丙二醛（malondialdehyde，MDA）含量上升，且EGG组SOD和MDA含量分别比HFD显著降低了24.90%和60.10%，同时SUB组肝脏中TC和甘油三酯（serum triglyceride，TG）最低，分别为0.11 mmol/L和0.42 mmol/L。EGG显著降低肝脏天冬氨酸转氨酶（aspartate transaminase，AST）和天冬氨酸转氨酶/丙氨酸转氨酶（AST/ALT）比值（p<0.05），分别为HFD组的44.99%和81.74%。此外，EGG能显著抑制肝脏脂滴的形成和附睾脂肪细胞增大（p<0.05）。因此，较SUB，EGG能更好地调控MetS小鼠的血脂代谢。

In order to study the effects of whole egg and substitute of egg yolk consumption on lipid metabolism in mice with metabolic syndrome (MetS), a MetS mouse model was constructed through high-fat feeding in this experiment. Forty C57BL/6 male mice were divided into control group (normal diet, ND), model group (high-fat diet, HFD), whole egg consumption group (high-fat diet+egg, EGG), substitute of egg yolk consumption group (high-fat diet+substitute of free egg yolk, SUB) and lovastatin group (Lov). The organ index, biochemical indexes, tissue sections and enzyme levels were measured at the end of the experiment (60 d). The results showed that the weight gain was significantly reduced by the intake of EGG (p<0.05). The levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) in EGG serum were significantly reduced by 74.51%and 77.03%, respectively, than HFD. The increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) enzyme activities in the liver caused by HFD were inhibited by EGG and SUB (p<0.05). SOD and MDA in the liver of the EGG group were significantly lower than those of the HFD (p<0.05) by 24.90% and 60.10%, respectively. The TC and serum triglyceride (TG) in the liver of the SUB group were the lowest, which were 0.11 mmol/L and 0.42 mmol/L, respectively. EGG significantly reduced the AST and AST/ALT ratios in serum and liver. The AST and AST/ALT ratios in liver of the EGG group were 44.99% and 81.74% of the HFD group, respectively. In addition, EGG can significantly inhibit the formation of lipolytic vacuoles in liver tissues and inhibit the enlargement of epididymal fat cells. Therefore, EGG can better regulate the lipid metabolism of MetS mice compared with SUB.

山西省面上青年基金项目（201901D211381）