沙棘叶中富含多种黄酮，但以往在加工过程中多作为废弃物抛弃，造成资源极大浪费。为了资源的充分利用，该研究以中国沙棘叶为原料，采用响应面法设计试验，优化了微波辅助乙醇溶剂提取、碱溶酸沉法和离子交换树脂纯化黄酮的工艺，并通过UPLC-Q-MS对沙棘叶黄酮成分进行检测。研究表明，工艺条件为料液比1:30（g/mL）、碱溶温度92 ℃、pH 9.50、酸沉pH 2.70时，总黄酮得率最高为70.98%，黄酮含量为42.11%；沙棘叶黄酮共鉴定出15种黄酮类物质，其中芦丁、槲皮素-3-鼠李糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-呋喃葡萄糖苷和槲皮素占总黄酮的89.67%。该研究工艺可作为一种从沙棘叶中提取与精制高纯度黄酮产品的方法，属于沙棘叶资源的精细加工利用领域，可为今后沙棘叶的开发与利用提供一定的参考价值。

Sea buckthorn leaves are rich in flavonoids; nevertheless, in the past, the leaves were mostly discarded as waste after processing, resulting in a waste of resources. Herein, Chinese sea buckthorn leaves were used for flavonoid extraction. Microwave-assisted ethanol solvent extraction, isoelectric precipitation, and ion-exchange resin purification of flavonoids were optimized by response surface methodology, and the composition of the extracted flavonoids were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. The highest total flavonoid yield (70.98%) and associated flavonoid content (42.11%) were obtained when the processing conditions are as follow: solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:30 (g/mL), alkali dissolution at 92 ℃ and pH 9.50, and acid precipitation at pH 2.70. A total of 15 flavonoids were identified in the sea buckthorn leaf. In particular, rutin, quercetin-3-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside, and quercetin accounted for 89.67% of the total flavonoid content. The herein proposed method can be used to extract and refine high-purity flavonoid products from sea buckthorn leaves, thereby contributing to the field of fine processing and utilization of sea buckthorn leaf resources in the future.

山西省重点研发计划项目（201903D221068）