基于SPME-GC-MS的青海亚麻籽油挥发性组分指纹图谱构建及掺伪识别

Volatile Profiles Fingerprint Construction and Adulteration Recognition of Qinghai Flaxseed Oil Based on SPME-GC-MS

摘要:

选用青海本地不同品种、产地的亚麻籽为原料，索氏抽提提取亚麻籽油，顶空固相微萃取（SPME）富集亚麻籽油挥发性组分后利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）测定其种类及相对含量。分析40批样品的挥发性组分并构建纹图谱，利用指纹图谱识别鉴定掺入10%、20%、30%、40%、50% 6种不同植物油的亚麻籽油样品。结果表明，青海亚麻籽油样品中共含有58种挥发性组分，其中，醛类物质是亚麻籽油的主要风味物质；此外，6种不同植物油的指纹图谱与亚麻籽油标准指纹图谱相似度较小，该差异为亚麻籽油掺伪识别提供了可行性，在此基础上建立的掺伪模型适用于10%花生油、葵花籽油、芝麻油、20%以上玉米油、30%以上菜籽油、40%以上大豆油的掺假鉴定。该研究为亚麻籽油掺伪鉴别及品质控制提供了理论基础。

Abstract:

Soxhlet extraction method was used to extract oil from flaxseed of different varieties and producing areas in Qinghai province. The volatile components of flaxseed oil were enriched by headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME) and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The volatile components of 40 batches of samples were analyzed and a fingerprint was constructed to identify the flaxseed oil samples mixed with sixkinds of vegetable oil in different proportions. The results showed that Qinghai flaxseed oil samples contained 58 volatile components, among which aldehydes were the main flavor components. In addition, the chromatogram of six kinds of vegetable oil were less similar to the standard fingerprint of flaxseed oil, the difference provided the feasibility for the identification of adulterated flaxseed oil. The adulteration model established is suitable for theidentification of flaxseed oil adulterated with 10% peanut oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, more than 20% corn oil, more than 30% rapeseed oil and more than 40% soybean oil. This study provided a theoretical basis for the adulteration identification and quality control of flaxseed oil.