为建立新型绿色高效的桑椹花青素提取工艺体系，该研究以桑椹为原料，以低共熔溶剂（Deep eutectic solvents，DESs）为提取剂，探讨了DESs种类、含水量、料液比以及提取温度和提取时间对花青素提取效率的影响，并在单因素试验基础上，采用响应面试验设计优化了提取工艺条件。结果显示：在提取剂为氯化胆碱/乙酸（1/3 n/n）-水（80/20 V/V），料液比为1/10（g/mL）、提取温度为60 ℃，提取时间为40 min时，花青素的得率达6.35 mg/g，实验结果与响应面模型预测值接近，表明模型适用。此工艺提取桑椹花青素的效率远高于传统提取剂，这说明由适当比例氢键供体和受体所构成的DESs与目标产物之间强烈的氢键作用更有助于花青素的浸出和溶解。本研究结果为绿色可设计的DES溶剂用于天然产物的高效制备提供了借鉴。

In order to establish a new green and efficient process for extracting anthocyanins from mulberry, mulberry was used as the raw material and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was used as the extractant to explore the effects of the types of DESs, water content, solid-liquid ratio, as well as extraction temperature and extraction time on the extraction efficiency of anthocyanins. On the basis of single factor experiments, the extraction conditions were optimized by response surface methodology. The results revealed that the yield of anthocyanins was 6.35 mg/g when the choline chloride/acetic acid (1/3 n/n) -water (80/20 V/V) was selected as the suitable solvent, solid-liquid ratio was 1/10 (g/mL), extraction temperature was 60 ℃ and extraction time was40 min. The experimental result was close to the predicted value of the response surface model, indicating that the model is suitable. The extraction efficiency of this process for mulberry anthocyanins was much higher than that of traditional extractants, suggesting the strong hydrogen bonding between DESs and the target product (which was composed of a proper ratio of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors) was more conducive to the leaching and dissolution of anthocyanins. The results of this study provide a reference for high-efficiency preparation of natural products with green and designable DES solvents.

国家自然科学基金项目（31501421）；江苏省六大人才高峰项目（SWYY-011，YY-061）；江苏省青蓝工程优秀青年骨干教师项目（2016）