该实验选化学法和秀丽隐杆线虫（Caenorhabditis elegans）模型，探究酱油发酵基料中染料木素的抗氧化活性。体外实验表明，染料木素能有效清除DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基、超氧阴离子自由基及羟基自由基，半数清除率（IC50）分别0.35 mg/mL、0.16 mg/mL、0.29 mg/mL及0.72 mg/mL，其具有良好体外抗氧化活性。进一步实验发现，50、100和200 μmol/L染料木素能延长线虫的平均寿命（17.54%、20.88%及17.72%），提高产卵总量（17.96%、27.84%及41.37%），改善线虫运动能力（移动能力、正弦运动及头摆频率），提高热应激条件下线虫平均寿命（15.32%、23.88%及16.65%）。此外，50、100和200 μmol/L染料木素能提高线虫体内过氧化氢酶活性（144.52%、253.87%和295.60%）、超氧化物歧化酶活性（37.32%、31.51%及44.05%）及谷胱甘肽含量（10.39%、36.21%及25.84%），降低活性氧积累量（31.22%、38.57%及41.40%）和丙二醛水平（46.50%、73.52%及62.72%），增强线虫抗氧化防御系统，其中100 μmol/L染料木素抗氧化效果最好。综上，染料木素有效清除自由基、延长线虫的健康寿命，具有良好体内外抗氧化能力。本实验为染料木素的生物活性奠定研究基础，为其作为天然抗氧化剂的推广及应用提供理论依据。

In this experiment, the chemical method and Caenorhabditis elegans model were used to explore the antioxidant activity of genistein in the soy sauce fermentation base. In vitro experiments showed that genistein could effectively scavenge DPPH free radicals, ABTS free radicals, superoxide anion free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals, with IC50 values as 0.35 mg/mL, 0.16 mg/mL, 0.29 mg/mL and 0.72 mg/mL, respectively, indicating significant in vitro antioxidant activities. Further experiments revealed that genistein at 50, 100 and 200 μmol/L could prolong the average lifespan of nematodes (by 17.54%, 20.88% and 17.72%, respectively), increase the total number of eggs laid (by 17.96%, 27.84% and 41.37%, respectively), and improve the motility of nematodes (movement ability, sinusoidal movement and head swing frequency), increase the average lifespan of nematodes under heat stress conditions (by 15.32%, 23.88% and 16.65%, respectively). In addition, genistein at 50, 100 and 200 μmol/L could increase catalase activity (by 144.52%, 253.87% and 295.60%, respectively), superoxide dismutase activity (by 37.32%, 31.51% and 44.05%, respectively) and glutathione in nematodes (by 10.39%, 36.21% and 25.84%, respectively), reduce the amount of accumulated reactive oxygen species (by 31.22%, 38.57% and 41.40%, respectively) and malondialdehyde level (by 46.50%, 73.52% and 62.72%, respectively), and enhance the antioxidant defense of nematodes. Among which, 100 μmol/L genistein exhibited the greatest antioxidant effect. In summary, genistein effectively scavenged free radicals, prolonged the healthy life of nematodes, and exerted good antioxidant capacities in vivo and in vitro. This research lays a foundation for studying the biological activity of genistein and provides a theoretical basis for its promotion and application as a natural antioxidant.

广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（2020KJ117）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0600806）；广式酱油风味控制与智能制造研究创新团队项目（CXTD2020006）