为了提高硬壳坚果类产品干燥效率，创新研制了一台新型多机组合式滚筒变温催化红外干燥设备，并采取变温滚筒催化红外-热风联合干燥技术，对核桃干燥效果、能耗和动力学过程进行了研究。研究表明，红外辐射温度、辐射距离和滚筒转速均对干燥效果有显著影响。在优选的最佳辐射温度300+400 ℃、辐射距离30 cm、滚筒转速25+35+35 Hz条件下催化红外预干燥22.50 min然后在温度43 ℃、风速3 m/s条件下热风干燥14 h，总干燥时长为14.38 h，与单一热风干燥（20 h）相比，干燥时长缩短了28.10%，且节约了25.04%的能耗，干制核桃表壳无褐斑，开壳率为0%，颜色指标L为54.24，a为10.61，b为19.89，呈较亮的红黄色。此外最大干燥速率0.28 g/(g·min)也显著高于单一热风的最大干燥速率0.11 g/(g·min)。相应的建立了用于预测其干燥过程中含水率以及干燥速率变化的Henderson-Pabis模型，R2为0.99，RMSE为0.03，拟合效果良好。本研究得出变温滚筒催化红外-热风干燥是一种适宜硬壳坚果类产品干燥的新型高效节能方法。

In order to improve the drying efficiency of hard shell nuts, this work developed a new type of multi-unit drum-type catalytic infrared drying equipment with a variable temperature, and adopted a combined drying technology of drum catalytic infrared with a variable temperature and hot air. In this work, the walnut drying effect, energy consumption and kinetic process were studied. The results showed that the catalytic infrared temperature, radiation distance, and rotating speed of the drum all had significant effects on the drying performance. After 22.50 min of infrared radiation pre-drying under the optimal radiation temperature of 300+400 ℃, radiation distance of 30 cm and rotation speed of 25+35+35 Hz, and then 14 h of hot air drying under the temperature of 43 ℃ and speed of 3 m/s, the total drying time was 14.38 h. Compared with that of single hot air drying, the drying time was shortened by 28.10% and the energy consumption was saved 25.04%. The dried walnut shell had no brown spots, the shell opening rate was 0%, the L value was 54.24, the a value was 10.61, the b value was 19.89 and the color was bright red and yellow. In addition, the maximum drying rate (0.28 g/g·min) was significantly higher than that of the single hot air drying (0.11 g/g·min). Correspondingly, the Henderson-Pabis model established can well predict the changes of water content and drying rate of walnut in the drying process and the fitting effect was good with R2 of 0.99 and RMSE of 0.03. Therefore, the combined drying technology of drum catalytic infrared with a variable temperature and hot air is a kind of new type drying method with high efficiency and energy saving, suitable for drying nuts products.

国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项（2017YFE0105300）；江苏省“六大人才高峰”高层次人才项目（NY-010）