黑老虎聚合果的主要营养活性成分分析

The Basic Properties and Analysis of Nutritive Active Ingredients of Kadsura coccinea Fruit

摘要:

以黑老虎“湘黑-0701”聚合果为材料，分别研究其果皮、果肉果汁、种子和果芯4部分主要营养活性成分。结果表明：聚合果中果皮占比（42.52%~47.75%）最大，果肉果汁占比（35.23%~37.77%）次之。黑老虎种子在聚合果中占比（7.55%~11.26%）小，但灰分（7.25%）、蛋白质（11.24%）、粗脂肪（22.20%）均为最高，且富含多种矿质元素尤其锰（90.573 mg/kg）、锌（9.675 mg/kg）含量丰富；种子中的不饱和脂肪酸含量高达74.78%，其中C18:2（亚油酸）高达60.30%；组成也较为丰富；种子中的游离多酚（23.69 mg/g）、结合酚（6.90 mg/g）、总多酚（30.59 mg/g）和总黄酮（30.54 mg/g）含量最高。本研究表明黑老虎种子是一个特别应该引起重视的健康食品原料；果皮皮厚（1.11~2.59 mm）、生物碱（3.20 mg/g）和花色苷（8.89 mg/g）含量高，宜从功能果脯蜜饯的角度去开发；而果肉果汁则可从特色饮料角度去开发。种子灰分、蛋白质、粗脂肪含量高，则可从油脂、功能产品方面去开发。

Abstract:

In this work, the basic properties, nutrient and active ingredients of fruit peel, pulp juice, seeds and core of Xianghei-0701 Kadsura coccinea fruit were investigated. The results showed that the peel was occupied the largest proportion (42.52%~47.75%) in the whole fruit, while pulp juice was followed and accounted for the proportion (35.23%~37.77%). The percentage of seed was the smallest proportion (7.65%~11.16%). However, the ash content (7.25%), protein content (11.24%) and fat content (22.20%) of seed were highest. In addition, many kinds of minerals, especially maganese and zinc, were found in seed. The content of unsaturated fatty acids in seeds was up to 74.78%, among which the content of C18:2 (linoleic acid) was up to 60.30%. The contents of free polyphenols (23.69 mg/g), binding phenols (6.90 mg/g), total polyphenols (30.59 mg/g) and total flavones (30.54 mg/g) were the highest in seeds. The research illustrated that Xianghei-0701 seeds were a healthy food raw material which should be paid special attention. The peel thickness was 1.11~2.59 mm. The alkaloid content (3.20 mg/g) and anthocyanin content (8.89 mg/g) of peel were high. Therefore, the peel could be used for developing function candied products. The fruit juice could be used for developing “special drinks”. The seeds could be developed in lipids and functional foods due to their high content of ash, protein, fat.