金枪鱼种类繁多，市场上以次充好、以假乱真的现象时有发生。基于DNA的检测技术已经被广泛用于金枪鱼制品品种掺假检测。而DNA提取对DNA检测技术的运用至关重要。本研究以28份深加工金枪鱼产品为样本，采用3种DNA提取方法（SDS法以及2种市售试剂盒）进行DNA提取，并对DNA的质量、得率、PCR扩增及方法的可操作性等方面进行比较研究。结果表明，3种方法均可用于大多数金枪鱼制品的DNA提取。与其它2种市售试剂盒相比，SDS法提取的DNA得率较低，但纯度较好，A260/A280比值为1.89，盐残留少，对实时荧光定量PCR的抑制少，且成本相对价格经济，满足金枪鱼制品掺假检测的需求。

There are many types of tuna, shoddy and fake tuna products are found in the market from time to time. DNA-based detection technologies have been widely used in the detection of adulteration of tuna products. DNA extraction is crucial to the application of DNA detection technology. In this study, 28 deep-processed tuna products were used as the experimental samples. Three different DNA extraction methods (SDS method and two commercially available kits) were compared in terms of DNA quality, yield, PCR amplification and method operability. The results showed that all the three methods can be used for DNA extraction from most tuna products. Compared with the other two commercially available kits, the SDS method led to a lower DNA yield with a higher purity and a A260-to-A280 ratio (1.89), less salt residue, lower inhibition in real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and relatively low cost, which meets the demand for adulteration detection of tuna products.

国家自然科学青年基金项目（31701688）