通过体内动物试验探讨紫苏叶乙醇提取物抗过敏活性及作用机制。进行小鼠被动皮肤过敏反应试验，测定小鼠血清中免疫球蛋白E、白三烯B4、血小板活化因子水平探究紫苏叶乙醇提取物对I型超敏反应抗过敏作用及作用机制。进行DNCB诱发迟发型小鼠超敏反应试验探究紫苏叶乙醇提取物对IV型过敏反应抗过敏作用。小鼠被动皮肤过敏反应试验中，紫苏叶乙醇提取物高剂量组与模型组相比极显著降低小鼠瘙痒次数（p<0.01），由24.3次降低至15.8次。首次瘙痒时间由121.59 s显著延长至231.90 s。高剂量组小鼠血清中IgE、PAF、LTB4水平分别下降了30.92%、15.50%、22.45%；DNCB诱发迟发型小鼠超敏反应试验中，紫苏叶乙醇提取物高剂量组与模型与比较，在第3 d、6 d显著降低小鼠耳肿胀度（p<0.05），第9 d极显著降低小鼠耳肿胀度（p<0.01），高剂量组耳组织液中IL-4、IFN-γ、TNF-α水平分别下降了19.14%、32.52%、16.61%。紫苏叶提取物对I型过敏和IV型过敏具有较明显的抗过敏作用，其对I型过敏的抗过敏机制与阻止过敏反应生物活性物质释放、干预花生四烯酸代谢产物的生成有关。

Objective: to investigate the anti allergic activity and mechanism of ethanol extract from Perilla frutescens leaves in vivo. Methods: passive skin anaphylaxis test was carried out in mice. The serum levels of immunoglobulin E, leukotriene B4 and platelet activating factor in mice were determined to explore the anti allergic effect and mechanism of perilla leaf ethanol extract on type I hypersensitivity. To explore the antiallergic effect of ethanol extract from Perilla frutescens leaves on type IV anaphylaxis, DNCB induced delayed type hypersensitivity test was carried out in mice. Results: In the passive skin anaphylaxis test of mice, compared with the model group, the high-dose ethanol extract of perilla leaves significantly reduced the itching times of mice (p<0.01), from 24.3 times to 15.8 times. The first itching time was significantly prolonged from 121.59 s to 231.90 s. The levels of IgE, PAF and LTB4 in serum of high dose group decreased by 30.92%, 15.5% and 22.45%, respectively; compared with the DNCB-induced delay model group, the high-dose ethanol extract of perilla leaves significantly reduced the ear swelling degree of mice on the 3rd and 6th days (p<0.05) hypersensitivity in mice, on the 9th day, the ear swelling was significantly reduced (p<0.01). The levels of IL-4, IFN-γ and TNF-α in high-dose group decreased by 19.14%, 32.52% and 16.61% respectively. In conclusion, the extract of Perilla frutescens has obvious anti allergic effect on type I and type IV allergy. Its anti allergic mechanism to type I allergy is related to preventing the release of bioactive substances and interfering with the production of arachidonic acid metabolites.

吉林省医药健康产业发展专项项目（20200708054YY）