甜叶菊苷M的毒理学安全性评价

Toxicological Safety Evaluation of Stevioside M

摘要:

甜叶菊苷M是在甜叶菊中发现的糖苷类物质，已被确定为一种潜在的甜味剂。本研究依据食品安全国家标准，采用小鼠急性经口毒性试验、Ames试验、小鼠骨髓红细胞微核试验、小鼠精母细胞染色体畸变试验和28 d经口毒性试验对甜叶菊苷M进行了安全性评价。结果显示：甜叶菊苷M对雌雄小鼠急性经口MTD值均大于10000 mg/kg·bw，属实际无毒级；Ames试验、小鼠骨髓红细胞微核试验和小鼠精母细胞染色体畸变试验均为阴性；将样品以2000、1000和500 mg/kg的设计剂量掺入基础饲料中喂养大鼠28 d后，各剂量组雌雄动物的体重、摄食量、食物利用率、血液学、血生化和组织病理学等指标与对照组相比无明显异常。样品对雌、雄大鼠未观察到有害作用剂量（NOAEL）分别为2650和2421 mg/ kg·bw t。研究结果表明，甜叶菊苷M未见急性毒性、遗传毒性和短期毒性，具有较高的食用安全性。

Abstract:

Stevioside M is a glycoside found in the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) that has been identified as a potential sweetener. The safety of stevioside M was evaluated according to the national food safety standard, using the acute oral toxicity test, Ames test, mouse bone marrow erythrocyte micronucleus test, mouse spermatocyte chromosome aberration test, and 28 day oral toxicity test. The results showed that the acute oral MTD values of stevioside M in both male and female mice were higher than 10000 mg/kg·bw, indicating that stevioside M was practically non-toxic; the results of Ames test, mouse bone marrow erythrocyte micronucleus test, mouse spermatocyte chromosome aberration test were negative; after the 28 day administration with the basic diet incorporated by stevioside M at designed doses of 2000, 1000 and 500 mg/kg, no significant changes were found in indices including body weight, food intake, food utilization rate, hematology, blood biochemistry and histopathology between each dose group and control group. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of female and male mice were 2650 and 2421 mg/ kg·bw. The results indicate that stevioside M has no acute toxicity, genetic toxicity or short-term toxicity, and is therefore of high food safety.