本研究探讨了黄秋葵多糖对糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢和肾脏病理改变的影响。采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素构建SD大鼠糖尿病模型，将建模成功的糖尿病大鼠随机分为模型组、二甲双胍组、黄秋葵多糖低、中、高剂量组。连续灌药28 d，测定各组大鼠血糖、血脂水平，肾脏病理变化情况，同时通过体外实验采用pNPG法测定黄秋葵多糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的影响。结果表明，与模型组相比较，黄秋葵多糖各组空腹血糖（FBG）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平均有降低，其中高剂量组下降幅度最大分别降低32.80%和17.87%。血脂方面，黄秋葵多糖各组总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）均有降低，其中高剂量组下降幅度最大，分别降低21.55%、38.98%、40.70%；高密度脂蛋白（HDL）均有升高，高剂量组升高幅度最大升高47.46%。同时黄秋葵多糖能够明显抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性，抑制率随剂量的增加而增加，当多糖浓度为10 mg/mL时，其抑制率为68.26%。黄秋葵多糖能够缓解糖尿病大鼠肾小球萎缩、肾小管肿胀等。因此，黄秋葵多糖能够改善糖尿病大鼠的血糖血脂水平，改善糖尿病大鼠的肾脏组织的病理变化，在降糖膳食补充剂、保健食品及降糖药物的开发方面有广阔的前景。

The effects of okra polysaccharides on glucose and lipid metabolism and renal pathological changes in diabetic rats were investigated in the present study. The rat model of diabetes was constructed by intra peritoneal injection of streptozotocin. The successfully modeled diabetic rats were randomly divided into a model group, metformin group, and low-, medium- and high-dose okra polysaccharide groups. The okra polysaccharides were administered continuously for 28 days, the levels of blood glucose and serum lipids as well as renal pathological changes in all groups of rats were determined, while the effect of okra polysaccharides on the activity of α-glycosidase was measured by the pNPG method. The results showed that compared with the model group, the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of the okra polysaccharides-treated groups decreased, with the greatest reduction occurring to the high-dose group (decreased by 32.80% and 17.87%, respectively). In terms of blood lipids, compared with the model group, the total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) of the okra polysaccharides-treated groups decreased, with the high-dose group having the greatest decrease (by 21.55%, 38.98%, 40.70%, respectively). The high density lipoprotein (HDL) contents increased for all groups, with the highest increase of 47.46% in the high-dose group.In the meantime, the okra polysaccharides could significantly inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase, with the inhibition rate increasing with an elevated dose. When the polysaccharide concentration was 10 mg/mL, the inhibition rate was 68.26%. The okra polysaccharides can alleviate glomerular atrophy and renal tubule swelling in diabetic rats. Therefore, okra polysaccharides can improve blood glucose and lipid levels, and can improve renal pathological changes in diabetic rats. Okra polysaccharides have broad prospects in the development of hypoglycemic dietary supplements, health foods and hypoglycemic drugs. Okra polysaccharide can improve the blood sugar and blood lipid level of diabetic rats, and improve the pathological changes of the kidney tissue of diabetic rats. It has broad prospects in the development of hypoglycemic dietary supplements, health foods and hypoglycemic drugs.

江苏省淮安市自然科学研究计划项目（HAB201716）