本文研究了不同温度、时间和pH值条件下，生孢梭菌芽孢萌发所需的最佳条件。本研究将活化传代好的生孢梭菌菌液培养7 d，多次离心后，加入无菌水制成生孢梭菌芽孢悬浮液，处理温度为70 ℃~90 ℃，处理时间为5~25 min，处理pH值为4~8，用平板计数法观察计算不同条件处理后的芽孢萌发率，用响应面优化法对影响生孢梭菌芽孢萌发率三个条件的最佳值进行了研究。通过分析所建立的二次多项回归方程，得到生孢梭菌芽孢萌发的最佳条件为，当温度为80.90 ℃，时间为20.72 min，pH值为4.69时，生孢梭菌芽孢萌发率最高可以达到80%。本文试验结合芽孢萌发机理，利用芽孢的最佳萌发条件，用较温和的条件使芽孢萌发，为使芽孢“先萌发，再杀灭”的新杀菌方式奠定基础，为杀灭芽孢这一难题提供了新思路和低强度杀菌的可行性，对将其应用于低酸性罐头食品的杀菌有重要意义。

To study the optimum conditions for the spore germination of Clostridium sporogenes under different temperature, time and pH values,in this study, the spore suspension of Clostridium sporogenes was prepared by activating the passaged Clostridium sporogenes solution for 7 days, centrifugation for several times, and adding sterile water. The treatment temperature was 70 ℃~90 ℃, and the treatment time was 5~25 ℃. The germination rate of Clostridium sporogenes was observed and calculated by plate counting method, and the optimal values of three conditions affecting the germination rate of Clostridium sporogenes were studied by response surface methodology. Through the analysis of the quadratic multiple regression equation, the best conditions for spore germination of Clostridium sporogeneswere obtained as follows: when the temperature was 80.90 ℃, the time was 20.72 min, and the pH value was 4.69, the highest germination rate of Clostridium sporogenum could reach 80%. In this paper, combined with the mechanism of spore germination, the optimum germination conditions of spores were used to make the spores germinate under mild conditions, which laid the foundation for the new sterilization method of "germination first and then killing"; and provided a new idea and feasibility of low-intensity sterilization for the difficult problem of spore killing, which was of great significance to the application of low-intensity sterilization in the sterilization of low acid canned food.

国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0400502）；郑州市科技重大专项（174PZDZX576）；河南省科技攻关项目（182102110064）