青梅是我国重要的特色水果，酸度极高，主要用于加工成食品或中药，梅素是青梅加工过程中的产物。近年来，国外对青梅汁浓缩液等富含梅素的青梅制品的生物活性研究较为活跃。本文详细介绍了梅素及其衍生物的化学结构表征、形成机制及主要生物活性。梅素的化学结构为1-[5-(2-甲酰基呋喃基)甲基]二氢2-羟基丙烷-1,2,3-三羧酸酯，其衍生物主要有3种，为柠檬酸、苹果酸等有机酸与5-羟甲基糠醛反应生成的酯化物。本文重点就梅素的改善血液流动性、降血压、抗流感病毒、改善认知功能障碍等主要生物活性及其分子机制进行了阐述。此外，还简要介绍了梅素的分离纯化技术及抗疲劳、抗氧化、促排便等生物活性，并对梅素发挥生物活性的贡献率、如何提高产品中梅素的含量以及食品中梅素的标识问题进行了展望，以期为指导青梅功能性食品精深加工技术及产业发展提供参考。

Prunusmume Sieb. Et Zucc is an important characteristic fruit in China, which is of high acidity and mainly used for processing into food or Traditional Chinese medicine. Mumefrual is the product in the processing process of Prunusmume. Recently, a lot of abroad studies have focused on the biological activity of Prunusmume products rich in mumefrual, such as juice concentrate. The chemical structure characterization, formation mechanism and biological activity of mumefrualand its derivatives were described in detail. The chemical structure of the mumefrual is 1-[5-(2-formylfuryl) methyl]-dihydrogen 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate. Three kinds of its derivatives were found, which were esterified by the reaction of organic acids such as citric acid and malic acid with 5-hydroxymethyl furfural. In this paper, the main biological activity and its underlying molecular mechanisms such as improving blood flow, lowering blood pressure, inhibitory effects on influenza virus, and ameliorates cognitive impairment were discussed. In addition, this paper briefly introduced the mumefural purification technology, positive effects on fatigue and bowel movements, antioxidant activity, and contribution rate of biological activity of mumefural, how to improve the mumefural content in product, and mumefural identification problem. This review will provide inferences for Prunusmume deep processing.

国家自然科学基金项目（31901713）；广东省优稀水果现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（2020KJ116）；广东省农业科学院院长基金项目（202031）；潮州市科技计划项目（2019ZX03）