探讨膳食菊粉对炎症性肠病（IBD）小鼠肠道微生物区的调节作用。本研究采用葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导法建立IBD小鼠模型，将C57BL/6小鼠随机分为3组：空白对照组（CON）饮用蒸馏水；模型组（IBD）饮用含2.5% DSS的蒸馏水；菊粉干预模型组（INU）在DSS诱导的同时摄入2 g/kg菊粉；每日监测小鼠体重、粪便粘稠度及便血情况。实验结束后，HE染色观察小鼠结肠组织病理改变，16S rDNA高通量测序分析小鼠肠道菌群多样性改变。研究结果显示，菊粉摄入能够明显提高IBD小鼠的体重（p<0.05），缓解其腹泻、便血和结肠组织损伤，降低疾病活动指数（p<0.05）。测序结果表明：菊粉干预后乳酸杆菌（Lactobacillus）和双歧杆菌（Bifidobacterium）的丰度较IBD组分别显著升高至28.70%和0.06%（p<0.05）；变形菌门（Proteobacteria）丰度较IBD组显著降低至0.66%（p<0.05）。本研究表明菊粉通过选择性促进益生菌Lactobacillus和Bifidobacterium生长，抑制Proteobacteria生长，改变了IBD小鼠肠道菌群组成。

The effects of dietary inulin on gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in mice were investigated. The mice were fed dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to establish IBD mice model. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: blank control group (CON) was administered with distilled water, model group (IBD) was treated with distilled water containing 2.5% DSS, as well as inulin treated with model group (INU) was administered with 2 g/kg inulin and 2.5% DSS. The body weight, fecal consistency and hematochezia of mice in diverse groups were monitored daily. After intervention, the pathological features of colon tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, as well as intestinal flora diversity in feces of mice was analyzed by 16s rDNA high throughput sequencing. The results showed that inulin administration significantly increased the body weights (p<0.05), ameliorated diarrhea, hematochezia and colonic tissue damage, as well as reduced disease activity index in IBD mice (p<0.05). The sequencing results indicated that after inulin supplementation, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were increased to 28.70% and 0.06% (p<0.05), respectively, compared with IBD group, whilst the proportion of Proteobacteria was decreased to 0.66% in comparison with IBD group (p<0.05). In conclusion, inulin administration altered the composition of gut microbiota in IBD mice via increasing probiotic Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreasing Proteobacteria.

宁夏自然科学基金项目（2019A0179）；宁夏自治区“十三五”重点研发计划（重大科技项目）（2016BZ02）；宁夏医科大学创新创业训练项目（S201910752025）