不同产地西瓜农药残留分析与膳食风险评估

Pesticide Residue Analysis and Dietary Risk Assessment of Watermelon in Different Habitats

摘要:

为明确不同产地西瓜农药残留状况，区分不同产区残留农药不同之处，本研究以新疆、山东、广西80个西瓜样品为研究对象，明确其60种农药残留水平的基础上，通过英国兽药委员会兽药残留风险排序方法对三产地西瓜残留农药进行排序、比较，并通过急性、慢性膳食摄入风险对其安全水平进行评估。结果显示：三产地共检出11种农药残留，新疆、山东、广西西瓜中残留农药种类分别为6、7、8种，且残留水平不同，检出农药风险得分也不同，其中广西检出的农药三唑磷、敌敌畏、咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑（24.60、24.60、18.30、18.15），山东检出的农药苯醚甲环唑、丙溴磷（18.50、18.10），新疆检出的农药农药苯醚甲环唑（18.20）风险得分相对较高。对检出农药进行急性、慢性膳食摄入风险结果显示西瓜中所有残留农药其% ADI、% ARfD值分别在0.01%~1.53%、0.03%~23.30%之间不等，其结果远小于100%。三地区样品中检出农药残留种类、残留水平、风险得分不同，需要根据产区重点关注相应农药，但残留农药水平属于安全限量内。

Abstract:

To clarify the status of pesticide residues in different regions’ watermelons and distinguish the differences of pesticide residues, 80 samples of watermelons from Xingjiang, Shangdong and Guangxi were selected to indentify 60 kinds of pesiticide residue levels. Then, based on the vaterinary drug residue risk ranking method of the committee on veterinary drugs. Safety levels, the pesticide residues of watermelons from three places were assessed by risk assessment for acute and chronic dietary intake. The results showed that 11 kinds of pesticide residues were detected in the three producing areas and the types of pesticide residues were 6, 7, 8 in Xinjiang, Shandong, and Guangxi watermelons, respectively. The residue levels and the pesticide risk scores were all different. Pesticides triazophos, dichlorvos, prochloraz, anisole (24.60, 24.60, 18.30, 18.15) in Guangxi, pesticides anisole and trimethoprim (18.50, 18.10) in Shandong, and pesticides Phenylfenazol (18.20) in Xinjiang had relatively high risk scores. Acute and chronic dietary risk of the detected pesticides showed that the percentages of ADI and ARfD of all pesticide residues in watermelon ranged between 0.01% and 1.53%, 0.03% and 23.30%, respectively, which were far less than 100%. The pesticide residue types, residue levels and risk scores that detected in the three regions were different, and attention should be paid to the corresponding pesticides in the production area, although the levels of pesticide residues fall within the safety limit.