丁香酚和三卡因甲磺酸盐在大口黑鲈中代谢残留的比较

Comparision of Metabolic Residues of Eugenol and Tricaine Methanesulfonate (MS-222) in Large Mouth Bass

摘要:

为了确定大口黑鲈成鱼适合的麻醉方式和麻醉剂量，研究了不同浓度的丁香酚和MS-222对大口黑鲈的静水麻醉效果。在最适麻醉质量浓度下模拟运输24 h，记录24 h存活率并测定麻醉0.5、4、8、16和24 h后的血清生化指标、水质pH、氨氮以及麻醉剂的残留量。结果表明：随着丁香酚和MS-222浓度增加，入麻时间缩短，复苏时间延长；丁香酚和MS-222的最适质量浓度分别为18~20 mg/L、50~60 mg/L时，两麻醉组模拟运输和复苏24 h后的成活率为100%，显著高于无麻醉运输组的80%和90%（p<0.05）；随着麻醉时间延长，丁香酚和MS-222组血清中的皮质醇(COR)分别从336.83 pg/mL下降到291.41 pg/mL，从286.11上升到367.05 pg/mL（p<0.05），丁香酚组血清中的COR显著低于对照组；葡萄糖分别从14.36、7.48 mg/dL下降到7.36、3.11 mg/dL（p<0.05），而丁香酚组中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、谷草转氨酶（GOT）、尿素氮（BUN）的浓度显著低于MS-222组（p<0.05）；残留检测结果表明在麻醉0.5 h时，鱼肉中丁香酚含量达到最大值5.14 mg/kg，在清水中复苏1 d时丁香酚残留量为0.45 mg/kg；而MS-222组在8 h残留量达到最大值为36.24 mg/kg，复苏4 d时基本消除完全。结果显示，丁香酚剂量小，代谢快，在诱发氧化应激和组织损伤时有较少的副作用。

Abstract:

To determine the appropriate anesthetic method and dose for perch, hydrostatic anesthesia effects of two common fish anesthetics (MS-222 and eugenol) on perch under different concentrations was compared. An experiment of 24-hour anesthesia transport was carry out under the optimal anesthetic concentrations of MS-222 and eugenol. The changes of serum biochemical indexes, water quality pH, ammonia nitrogen and residual concentration of anesthetics were measured after 0.5, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h of anesthesia. The results showed that the anesthetic time was shortened and the recovery time was prolonged with the increase of anesthetics concentration. The concentrations of eugenol and MS-222 are suitable for long-distance transportation of perch at 18-20 mg/L and 50-60 mg/L respectively. The survival rate during the transportation and after 24 h of recovery for the anesthesia group were both 100%, there were significantly higher than those for the non-anesthetic transportation group (p<0.05). The serum cortisol (COR) in eugenol group and MS-222 group decreased from 336.83 pg/mL to 291.41 pg/mL and increased from 286.11 to 367.05 pg/mL (p<0.05) with the prolongation of anesthesia time, and the serum COR in eugenol group was significantly lower than that in control group. The glucose decreased from 14.36, 7.48 mg/dL to 7.36, 3.11 mg/dL (p<0.05), respectively. The concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), urea nitrogen (BUN) in eugenol group were significantly lower than those in MS-222 group (p<0.05). Residual test results showed that the maximum eugenol content was 5.14 mg/kg at 0.5 h of anesthesia and the residual amount of eugenol was 0.45 mg/kg at 1 day of resuscitation in clear water. In MS-222 group, the maximum content was 36.24 mg/kg after 8 h of anesthesia, and it was almost eliminated after 4 days of resuscitation. The results showed that eugenol had low dosage, fast metabolism and fewer side effects in inducing oxidative stress and tissue damage.