本文探究了根皮素（phloretin，PT）对雌性果蝇延缓衰老作用的影响及其潜在机制。雌性果蝇干预根皮素后（1.15 mM、2.3 mM、4.6 mM），观察对寿命、爬行能力、抗应激能力、肠道屏障功能、肠道菌落总数、肠道前体细胞数目、内源抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）、过氧化氢酶（catalase，CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathion peroxidase，GSH-PX）活力、脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（malonaldehyde，MDA）含量以及相关抗氧化基因SOD2、CAT、玛士撒拉（methuselah，MTH）和叉头蛋白（forkhead box o，foxo）的mRNA表达水平的影响。结果显示，雌性果蝇干预根皮素浓度为4.6 mM时，与空白组相比，平均寿命延长了23.98%，30 d时爬行能力上调了44.96%，对双氧水和十二烷基硫酸钠损伤后的寿命延长了24.35%和23.94%，肠道前体细胞减少了15.59%，肠道微生物乳酸杆菌（lactobacilli，LMRS）、肠杆菌（enterobacteria，ENT）、醋酸杆菌（acetobacteria，ACE）及其他细菌（nutrient rich medium，NR）分别下调了23.73%、33.33%、43.24%和27.50%，Mn-SOD、Cu/Zn-SOD、CAT、GSH-PX酶活性分别提高了17.85%、31.03%、32.07%和25.57%，MDA生成量降低了23.55%，foxo、CAT和SOD2 mRNA表达水平分别上调了67.21%、32.54%和36.27%，MTH mRNA表达量降低了27.16%。根皮素可以提高雌性果蝇抗氧化酶活力和抗氧化基因表达水平，提高机体抗应激能力，维持肠道稳态，延长果蝇寿命。

The anti-aging effects of phloretin on female Drosophila melanogaster and its potential mechanism were explored. By supplementing serially diluted phloretin (1.15 mM, 2.3 mM, 4.6 mM) to female Drosophila melanogaste, the effects of phloretin on survival rate, crawling ability, stress resistance, intestinal barrier function and microbial colonies, number of intestinal progenitor cells, activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes of SOD, CAT and GSH-PX and content of lipid peroxidation product MDA, related antioxidant genes SOD2, CAT, MTH and foxo mRNA expression level were investigated. The Results showed that female Drosophila melanogaster treated with 4.6 mM phloretin was markedly extended the mean lifespan by 23.98%, crawling ability increased by 44.96% at 30 days, lifespan after H2O2 and SDS injury increased by 24.35% and 23.94%, respectively, the number of intestinal precursor cells reduced by 15.59%, the number of LMRS, ENT, ACE, NR in the gut of Drosophila melanogaster reduced by 23.73%, 33.33%, 43.24% and 27.50%, respectively, at 40 days of age. The activity of Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, CAT and GSH-PX increased by 17.85%, 31.03%, 32.07% and 25.57%, respectively; the content of MDA decreased by 23.55%, the mRNA expression of foxo, CAT and SOD2 were increased by 67.21%, 32.54% and 36.27%, respectively, while the mRNA expression of MTH was decreased by 27.16%. Phloretin can improve the antioxidant enzymes activity and antioxidant gene expression levels, enhance the stress resistance, promote intestinal homeostasis and prolong the lifespan of female Drosophila melanogaster.

天津市科技计划项目（17KPHDSF00120）