以鲟鱼软骨为原料，采取碱提-酶解-醇沉的方式提取硫酸软骨素后，采用普通粉碎、超微粉碎联合辐照技术分别对硫酸软骨素样品进行降解后，再利用离子色谱法、紫外-可见光光谱扫描法、红外吸收光谱法、核磁共振波谱法研究硫酸软骨素的化学结构。单糖分析表明，粗样中的鼠李糖经超微粉碎加辐照共处理后含量从56.16%增加到59.31%，粗样中的葡萄糖醛酸经超微粉碎加辐照共处理后含量由33.69%降低到31.84%；而纯化样品中葡萄糖醛酸含88.77%。紫外光谱分析表明硫酸软骨素经超微粉碎与辐照的共处理方式使硫酸软骨素的分子结构发生断裂即糖苷键的分裂及产生C=O基团。红外光谱结果表明普通粉碎及经超微和辐照降解共处理的硫酸软骨素均呈现4-硫酸软骨素和6-硫酸软骨素的典型特征。核磁共振分析得出经超微粉碎和辐照的处理使硫酸软骨素上的乙酰半乳糖胺和葡萄糖质子信号增强，且推测鲟鱼硫酸软骨素包含GlcA (β1→3) GalNAc-4SO3和GlcA (β1→3) GalNAc-6SO3重复单元结构。

Using sturgeon cartilage as the raw material, chondroitin sulfate was extracted via the alkaline extraction-enzymatic-ethanol precipitation process, degraded by conventional comminution and superfine pulverization combined with irradiation technology, and then subjected to chemical and structural analyses of chondroitin sulfate using ion chromatography, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Monosaccharide analysis showed that the content of rhamnose in the crude sample increased from 56.16% to 59.31% after the co-treatment of superfine comminution combined with irradiation, and the content of glucuronic acid in the crude sample decreased from 33.69% to 31.84% after the co-treatment of superfine comminution combined with irradiation, The final purified samples contained 88.77% glucuronic acid. Ultraviolet spectroscopy revealed that the co-treatment by superfine pulverization combined with irradiation caused breakdown in the molecular structure of chondroitin sulfate i.e. the cleavage of glycoside bonds and the production of C=O groups. The results of infrared spectroscopy showed that the chondroitin sulfate treated by conventional comminution or the co-treatment of superfine comminution combined with irradiation treatment. The nuclear magnetic resonance analysis showed that the proton signals of acetylgalactosamine and glucose on chondroitin sulfate were enhanced after the treatment of superfine pulverization combined with irradiation. It is speculated that the chondroitin sulfate from sturgeon cartilage contained GlcA (β1→3) GalNAc-4SO3 and GlcA (β1→3) GalNAc-6SO3 repeating structural units.

现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助（CARS-46）；湖北省技术创新专项（重大项目）家禽屠宰副产物高值化利用关键技术研发（2018ABA112）