南美白对虾养殖水体中抑藻细菌的分离及鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Algicidal Bacteria from Penaeus vannamei Cultural Water

摘要:

本研究从南美白对虾养殖水体中分离出10株细菌，进行分子鉴定和系统进化树分析，并评价了它们对鱼腥藻Anabaena cylindrica FACHB-82的抑藻效果。16S rRNA基因分析表明，分离的10株细菌中三株与假单胞菌Pseudomonas plecoglossicidc、Pseudomonas protegens和Pseudomonas monteilii最为相似，一株与气单胞菌Aeromonas veronii相似，两株与陶厄式菌Thauera mechernichensis和Thauera aromatica相似，枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis、微杆菌Microbacterium flavum、黄杆菌Flavobacterium cauense以及金黄杆菌Chryseobacterium nakagawai各一株相似。抑藻结果表明细菌AB-3抑藻效果最好，其对鱼腥藻的生长抑制率达到87.11%。此外，AB-3菌对水华束丝藻Aphanizomenon flos-aquae和铜绿微囊藻Microcystis aeruginosa生长抑制率分别达到79.89%和23.65%，对小球藻Chlorella vulgaris也有一定的抑藻效果，但对衣藻Chlamydomonas reinhardtii抑藻效果不显著。本研究从水体中分离筛选出的一株陶厄氏菌AB-3，对试验的蓝藻都具有显著的抑藻效果，同时该菌对绿藻抑藻效果小或是没有抑制。

Abstract:

In this study, 10 strains of bacteria were isolated from the culture water collected from the Penaeus vannamei shrimp farms, subjected to molecular identification and phylogenetic tree analysis, and evaluation of their inhibitory effects on Anabaena cylindrica FACHB-82. The 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that three strains resembled the most Pseudomonas (P. plecoglossicidc, P. protegens and P. monteilii), with one strain similar to Aeromonas veronii, two similar to Thauera mechernichensis and Thauera aromatica, one similar to Bacillus subtilis, one similar to Microbacterium flavum, one similar to Flavobacterium cauense, and one similar to Chryseobacterium nakagawai. Bacterial strain AB-3 exhibited the greatest inhibition, with a rate of 87.11% against Anabaena cylindrica FACHB-82. In addition, AB-3 had inhibition rates of 79.89% and 23.65% against Aphanizomenons flos-aquae and Microcystis aeruginosa, inhibited chlorella vulgaris to some extent, but exerted insignificant inhibitory effect on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In this study, the Taueus strain, AB-3, isolated from the culture water had a significant algicidal effect on the cyanobacteria, whilst no or little inhibitory effect on chlorella.