蟒塘溪水库养殖刺鲃体内重金属富集特征及食用安全评价

Accumulation Characteristics and Safety Evaluation of Heavy Metal in Spinbarbus caldwelli Cultured in Mengtangxi Reservoir

摘要:

为研究芷江蟒塘溪水库养殖刺鲃(Spinbarbus caldwelli)不同组织的重金属污染状况及食用安全性，采用原子吸收分光光度法测定刺鲃肌肉、鳃丝、鳍、鳞片、鱼皮、膘、肠、肾脏、脾脏、肝胰脏、脂肪、脑中的Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn 4种重金属含量。结果显示，Pb在肝胰脏中高达2.90 mg/kg，其他组织均低于0.5 mg/kg；Cd在肾脏、肝胰脏、肠、脾脏、鳃丝中含量较高，分别为3.54 mg/kg、2.34 mg/kg、1.71 mg/kg、1.40 mg/kg、0.61 mg/kg，其他组织均低于0.1 mg/kg；Cu在各组织中的含量均不超过50 mg/kg；Zn含量明显高于其他3种重金属含量，且鳍中Zn(254.2605 mg/kg)含量最高。刺鲃不同组织均值污染指数(PI)依次为：肾脏>肝胰脏>肠>脾脏>鳃丝>鳍>脑>鱼皮>鳞片>脂肪>肌肉>鰾。日消费限量(CRLim)和目标危险系数(THQ)分析结果表明，食用芷江蟒塘溪水库刺鲃肌肉，不会对消费者健康产生潜在危害。

Abstract:

In order to investigate the current status of heavy metal pollution and food safety in different tissues and organs of Spinbarbus caldwelli farmed in Mengtangxi reservoir in Hunan province, atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) was used to determine the contents of Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in the muscle, gill, fin, scales, skin, swim bladder, intestines, kidney, spleen, hepatopancreas, fat and brain of S. caldwelli. The results indicated that the content of Pb (2.90 mg/kg) was the highest in S. caldwelli hepatopancreas, which was less than 0.5 mg/kg in the other tissues or organs. The content of Cd was the highest in S. caldwelli kidney (3.54 mg/kg), followed by hepatopancreas (2.34 mg/kg), intestine (1.71 mg/kg), spleen (1.40 mg/kg) and gill (0.61 mg/kg), which was less than 0.1 mg/kg in the other tissues or organs. The content of Cu was less than 50 mg/kg in all the tissues and organs of S. caldwelli. The comprehensive pollution index (PI) of different tissues and organs of S. caldwelli were ranked as: kidney>hepatopancreas>intestines>spleen>gill>fin>brain>skin>scales>fat>muscle>swim bladder. Based on the maximum allowable consumption rate (CRLim) and target hazard quotients (THQ), the heavy metals in muscle of S. caldwelli farmed in Mengtangxi reservoir have no potential risk for consumers.