本文以花椒籽为原料制备花椒籽种皮黑色素粗提物（melanin crude extract of pepper seed coat，MCEP），并用盐酸水解法、酶解法、有机溶剂萃取法和碱溶酸沉法四种处理方法对MCEP进行纯化，制得花椒籽种皮黑色素（melanin of pepper seed coat，MP），分别标记为SMP、EMP、OMP和AMP；通过分析其色值、紫外-可见光谱、色价、红外光谱及微观结构，对比研究了四种处理方法对MP的纯化效果。结果表明，SMP的L*、a*与b*值均显著低于AMP、OMP和MCEP（p<0.05），且为黑色无定型粉末，并带有金属光泽；四种方法制备的MP紫外-可见光谱均在220 nm有最大吸收峰，且色价均显著高于MCEP（151.25 U/g）（p<0.05），其中SMP色价(341.73 U/g)最高；除AMP外，OMP、EMP和SMP的红外光谱相比于MCEP在C-H与C-H2处的吸收峰均明显减弱；扫描电子显微镜结果显示，SMP呈无规则块状，且表面无其他物质形状结构存在。因此，盐酸水解为本研究纯化制备MP的最佳处理方法。

Pepper seeds was used as raw material to prepare crude melanin extract of pepper seed coat (MCEP) by alkali-soluble acid precipitation method, and the MCEP was purified by hydrochloric acid hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, organic solvent extraction and alkali-soluble acid precipitation method, respectively, to obtain melanins of pepper seed coat (MP), which were labeled as SMP, EMP, OMP and AMP, respectively. The purification effects of the four treatment methods on MP were analyzed by the color of the pigment, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, color value, Infrared spectroscopy and its microstructure. The results showed that the L*, a* and b* values of SMP were significantly lower than those of AMP, OMP and MCEP (p<0.05), and the SMP was black amorphous powder with metallic luster; The SMP, EMP, OMP and AMP had maximum absorption at peak 220 nm; the color values of SMP, EMP, OMP and AMP were significantly higher than the color value of MCEP (151.25 U/g) (p<0.05), and the SMP color value (341.73 U/g) was the highest; Except for AMP, the infrared spectroscopy of OMP, EMP and SMP were weakened or disappeared compared with the absorption peaks of MCEP in C-H and C-H2 characteristic absorption band; The results of scanning electron microscope showed that SMP had a random block structure, and no other structural shapes existed. Therefore, we suggest that the hydrochloric acid hydrolysis is the best treatment method for purification and preparation of MP.