溶菌酶/壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇纳米纤维膜的制备及表征

Preparation and Characterization of Lysozyme / Chitosan / Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibers

摘要:

本研究采用静电纺丝技术制备不同质量比的壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇纳米纤维膜（CS/PVA），通过SEM分析纤维形貌差异。选择纤维形貌较好的CS/PVA（质量比为1/9）纳米纤维膜，添加不同含量溶菌酶制备溶菌酶/壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇系列纳米纤维膜（LZ/CS/PVA）。采用SEM、FTIR、XRD及DSC等方法分析LZ/CS/PVA纤维膜形貌特点和纤维膜的特性。结果表明：LZ的添加影响了纤维形貌均匀程度及纤维之间的黏结程度；随着溶菌酶的加入，纤维平均直径从339.62±92.72 nm（CS/PVA）降低至262.10±86.32~283.01±96.83 nm（LZ/CS/PVA系列纤维）之间；LZ添加量为0.30%和0.50%时，纤维形貌良好；纤维膜各组分之间存在强烈的相互作用，阻碍晶体的形成，导致几乎无定形的结构；LZ的添加提高了纤维膜的热稳定性，熔点从185.60 ℃上升到189.30 ℃~191.00 ℃之间。LZ/CS/PVA纤维膜由安全无毒的材料制备而成，具有应用于食品工业的潜力。

Abstract:

In this study, chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers (CS/PVA) with different mass ratios were prepared using electrospinning. Morphology differences of nanofibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The CS/PVA nanofibers with good morphology was selected (mass ratio was 1/9) to prepare lysozyme/chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers (LZ/CS/PVA) by adding different concentrations of lysozyme. Morphology and characteristics of LZ/CS/PVA nanofibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that the addition of lysozyme affected the morphology uniformity of fibers and the degree of adhesion between fibers. With the addition of lysozyme, the average diameter of fibers decreased from 339.62±92.72 nm (CS/PVA) to 262.10±86.32~283.01±96.83 nm (LZ/CS/PVA series fiber). When the concentrations of lysozyme were 0.3% and 0.5%, the LZ/CS/PVA nanofibers possessed good appearance. There existed molecular interaction among the components of the nanofibers hindering the formation of crystals, resulting in an almost amorphous structure. The addition of LZ increased the thermal stability of the nanofibers, and the melting point rose from 185.60 ℃ to 189.30~191.00 ℃. LZ/CS/PVA nanofibers are prepared from safe and non-toxic materials, which have potential applications in the food industry.