筛选青刺尖叶提取物改善大鼠良性前列腺增生（benign prostatic hyperplasia，BPH）的活性组分并探讨其作用机制。采用丙酸睾酮诱导的去势大鼠模型，以非那雄胺和普乐安为阳性对照，评价青刺尖叶提取物（QCJ）及其大孔树脂各洗脱物低、高剂量组（1.8 g生药/kg/d，5.4 g生药/kg/d）的抗BPH活性。结果显示，QCJ及各组分均能改善大鼠BPH病理状况，其中，大孔树脂5%乙醇洗脱物（Fr. A）可使BPH大鼠血清前列腺酸性磷酸酶（prostatic acid phosphatase，PACP）含量降低22.78%（p<0.01），双氢睾酮（dihydrotestosterone，DHT）含量降低28.01%（p<0.01）；40%乙醇洗脱物（Fr. B）可减轻BPH病理组织形态改变，使BPH大鼠前列腺指数降低7.69%（p<0.01），血清PACP含量降低32.91%（p<0.01），DHT含量降低56.59%（p<0.01）。各组分中Fr. B效果最好，能够改善BPH大鼠的前列腺指数增加、上皮细胞增厚等病理症状，其机制可能与抑制PACP和DHT的生成有关。

The active components in the extracts of Prinsepia utilis Royle leaves (QCJ) to combat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were screened and the underlying mechanisms were studied. The BPH model was built on the castrated rats by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate. The anti-BPH activity of QCJ and its derived fractions eluted from the macroporous resin at a low dose (1.8 g/kg/d) and a high-dose (5.4 g/kg/d), were evaluated using a testosterone propionate-induced castrated rat model and finasteride and Pule’an as positive controls. The results showed that QCJ and each fraction could alleviate the pathological changes in BPH rats. Among them, the 5% aqueous ethanol eluate from the macroporous resin (Fr. A) could reduce the contents of serum prostatic acid phosphatase (PACP) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentration by 22.78% and 28.01% (p < 0.01) in BPH rats. The 40% ethanol eluate (Fr. B) could significantly alleviate the pathological changes in the BPH tissues and reduced the prostatic index, serum PACP content and DHT content by 7.69%, 32.91% and 56.59%, respectively (p < 0.01). Among all the fractions, Fr. B showed the most effective, and can significantly improved the pathological symptoms such as increased prostate index and prostate epithelial cell thickness in BPH rats. The underlying mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PACP and DHT production.