河蚬酶解物美拉德反应产物抗氧化活性研究

Antioxidant Activity of Maillard Reaction Products Derived from Corbicula fluminea Hydrolysates

摘要:

将河蚬软体经酶解制得的河蚬酶解液（Corbicula fluminea hydrolysates，CFH）用超滤法分离得到分子量>10 ku、5 ku~10 ku和<5 ku三个组分。三种分子量范围酶解液分别与D-木糖进行美拉德反应制备河蚬酶解物美拉德反应产物（CFH-MRP），测定反应前后河蚬酶解物抗氧化能力，pH值、接枝度和褐变程度变化，并对美拉德产物结构进行初步分析。结果表明，通过美拉德反应能够显著提高河蚬酶解物的抗氧化能力，其中5 ku~10 ku的CFH-MRP具有最高的羟基自由基清除率（增加31%）、超氧离子自由基清除率（增加33%）和总还原能力（增加152%），>10 ku的CFH-MRP具有最高的DPPH自由基清除能力（增加106%）。同时，美拉德反应使CFH的pH值降低，酶解液褐变程度增加。傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）表明CFH和D-木糖发生共价交联，反应产物氨基含量减少；GC-MS分析结果显示反应生成了酮类、酯类、醇类、烯烃、酚类和杂环类物质，在一定程度上提高了反应产物的抗氧化活性。

Abstract:

The hydrolysates were prepared from soft part of Corbicula fluminea, and three fractions of Corbicula fluminea hydrolysates (CFH) (>10 ku, 5 ku to 10 ku, <5 ku) were isolated with ultrafiltration. Then, the 3 fractions of CFH were reacted with D-xylose respectively to obtain the Maillard reaction products (CFH-MRP). The CFH-MRP’s antioxidant capacities, pH values, grafting degrees and browning degrees of CFH-MRP before and after the reaction were measured and the structure of CFH-MRP was analyzed. The results showed that the antioxidant capacity of CFH-MRP was enhanced through Maillard reaction. The CFH-MRP with the molecular weights range from 5 ku to 10 ku had the highest scavenging rate of hydroxyl (an increase of 31%), superoxide free radical scavenging capacity (an increase of 33%) and total reducibility (an increase of 152%), and the CFH-MRP with the molecular weights more than 10 ku had the highest DPPH scavenging ability (an increase of 106%). At the same time, Maillard reaction reduced the pH value and increased the browning degree of CFH. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) indicated that covalent crosslinking between CFH and D-xylose occurred, and the amino content of reaction products reduced. GC-MS analysis showed that some new compounds generated from Maillard reaction including ketones, esters, alcohols, olefins, phenols and heterocyclic substances, which could increase the antioxidant activity of CFH-MRP in some cases.