为了建立畜禽肉中鸡源性成分荧光定量PCR检测方法，以鸡、鸭、鹅、猪、牛、羊、兔、鸽和鹌鹑等9种动物线粒体DNA 16S rRNA基因序列为靶位点，通过比对分析设计筛选出鸡特异性引物，以9种动物肌肉DNA为模板进行特异性扩增，确立荧光定量PCR扩增条件；同时将鸡DNA模板浓度进行10倍梯度稀释，一直稀释至108倍，检测所建立的荧光PCR方法的灵敏度；并用此方法对市场上样品进行随机抽检。结果显示：所设计的鸡引物仅对鸡肉DNA模板有典型扩增曲线，Ct值为22.11，对其它动物DNA模板无扩增，特异性较强；当鸡DNA模板稀释倍数达到104倍，即DNA浓度为17.5 pg/μL时，仍有典型扩增曲线，Ct值为30.37，方法灵敏度较高；市场流通环节样品抽检结果显示所抽测样品均合格。可见，建立的基于荧光定量PCR和线粒体DNA 16S rRNA基因的畜禽肉中鸡源性成分检测方法，快速而准确，实用性强。

In order to establish a fluorescent quantitative PCR method for detecting the components of chicken origin in livestock and poultry meat, the mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA gene sequences of 9 animals including chicken, duck, goose, pig, cattle, sheep, rabbit, pigeon and quail were used as target sites. The chicken-specific primers were screened through comparative analysis design, and specificity amplification was performed using 9 kinds of animal muscle DNA as templates to establish the conditions for fluorescent quantitative PCR amplification. In the meantime, the chicken DNA template concentration was serially diluted 10-fold to 108 times. The sensitivity of the established fluorescent PCR method was tested Then the samples randomly collected from the market were analysed using this established method. The results showed that, the designed chicken primer had a typical amplification curve only for the chicken DNA template (Ct value as 22.11), but no amplification for other animal DNA templates, thus the method exhibited high specificity. When the chicken DNA template dilution reached 104 times, that is, the DNA concentration was 17.5 pg/μL, there was still a typical amplification curve with Ct value as 30.37, thus the method had relatively high sensitivity. Analyses of the samples randomly collected from the market circulation revealed that all the collected samples were qualified. It is clear that the method for detecting the components of chicken origin in livestock and poultry meat is fast and accurate with strong practicality.

江苏省农业三新工程项目（SXGC[2017]256）；国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（31702079）；2018国家食用农产品质量分析与品质评价专项（GJFP201801503）