北京市售大米重金属含量监测及膳食风险评估

The Heavy Metal Content Monitoring and Dietary Risk Assessment of Commercial Rice in Beijing

摘要:

监测市售大米重金属含量，为北京市食品安全风险评估提供参考和数据支撑，采集了市售大米样品537件，分析其9种重金属(Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sr和Zn)含量。采用内梅罗综合污染指数法评价市售大米的重金属污染水平，采用健康风险评价模型进行食用安全评估。结果如下：大米Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sr和Zn含量平均值分别为0.02、0.02、2.27、2.63、9.10、0.15、0.07、0.17和14.27 mg/kg。大米重金属污染程度依次为：Pb>Zn>Ni>Cu>Cd>Cr，其风险等级依次为：Cu>Zn>Cd>Pb>Cr>Ni。结果表明，大米重金属的内梅罗综合污染指数较低，表明当前北京市售大米整体状况较好、处于安全水平；大米重金属对儿童的THQ贡献率高于成人，相关部门应加强有毒重金属监督与相应膳食指导。

Abstract:

A total of 537 rice grain samples commercially available in the market of Beijing were collected to monitor the content of heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn, providing data support and reference for food safety and health risk assessment in Beijing. The heavy metal pollution evaluation and health risk assessment were conducted using Nemerow comprehensive pollution index and health risk assessment model, respectively. The results were as follows: the average content of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn were 0.02, 0.03, 2.27, 2.63, 9.10, 0.15, 0.07, 0.17 and 14.27 mg/kg, respectively. The pollution grades of heavy metal pollution in rice were as follows: Pb > Zn > Ni > Cu > Cd > Cr and the risk grades were as follows: Cu > Zn > Cd > Pb > Cr > Ni. The results showed that the Nemerow pollution index of heavy metals in the rice was low, which indicated that the overall health status of rice in Beijing was at a safe level. The contribution of rice heavy metals to children's THQ was higher than that of adults. Therefore, we suggest that the relevant department should improve the supervision on harmful heavy metals and offer better dietary guidance.