通过气相色谱、主成分分析及4种抗氧化测定，对不同品系的耐寒红松籽油的理化性质、脂肪酸组成和抗氧化活性进行研究，并比较品系间差异。不同品种松籽油的理化性质之间存在显著差异，碘值为88.13~127.22 g I2/100 g，酸价为0.72~1.12 mg KOH/g，过氧化值为0.167~1.277 meq/kg。10种红松籽的出油率范围在61.33%~69.05%，平均出油率为64.74%，且不饱和脂肪酸(约70%)中以亚油酸含量为主(43.203~46.135%)，具有很高的营养价值。不同品种松籽油的羟基自由基、超氧阴离子及DPPH清除能力存在不显著差异，而FRAP总还原能力的种间差异更为显著，其平均清除率分别为82.71%、70.46%和60%，总还原能力在20~100 mmol之间，α-VE含量为23.07±1.94~162.22±6.55 μg/g，由此初步判断10种松籽油的SI稳定性为5#<2#<4#<1#<3#<7#<6#<10#<8#<9#。通过主成分因子F1、F2、F3结合聚类分析可将10种松籽油分为三类，分别是1#025、2#058、4#066；5#117；6#118、7#119、8#124、10#179和3#060、9#148。同一类群松籽油的脂肪酸组成、含油量以及抗氧化活性具有相似性。

The physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity of kernel oils from different Korean pine varieties were investigated by gas chromatography, principal component analysis and four antioxidant assays, and the differences between the strains were compared in this study. Obvious differences in physicochemical properties of Pinus koraiensis kernel oil were observed among the different varieties. The iodine, acid andperoxide values were 88.13-127.22 g I2 /100 g, 0.72 -1.12 mg KOH/g and 0.167- 1.277 meq/kg, respectively. The extraction rates of 10 kinds of red pine seeds ranged from 61.33 to 69.05%, and the average oil extraction rate was 64.74%. Linoleic acid (43.203-46.135%) was the most abundant unsaturated fatty acids (70%) in Pinus koraiensis, which had a great nutritional value. There was no significant difference in the hydroxyl radical (82.71%), superoxide anion (70.46%) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging ability (60%) of different varieties of pine nut oil, but the interspecific difference of total reducing power (20-100 mmol) of FRAP was obvious. The contents of α-VE ranged from 23.07 ± 1.94 to 162.22 ± 6.55 μg/g. The stability of different oil varieties decreased in the order of 5#< 2#< 4#< 1#< 3#< 7#< 6#< 10#< 8#< 9#. Ten kinds of pine nut oil could be divided into three categories according to the combination of principal component factors (F1, F2 and F3): 1#025, 2#058, 4#066; 5#117; 6#118, 7#119, 8#124, 10#179 and 3#060, 9#148. The pine seed oil in the same groups showed similar fatty acid composition, oil content and antioxidant activity.

哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项资金（2017RALXJ001）；黑龙江省科技厅重点攻关项目（GC12B203）