南海海域8种金线鱼肌肉的脂肪酸分析

Analysis of Muscle Fatty Acids in Eight Species of Threadfin Bream (Nemipteridae) in the South China Sea

摘要:

从广东湛江市场收集到南海海域渔获的金线鱼科8种鱼（红金线鱼、日本金线鱼、黄梢金线鱼、红衫鱼、多毛锥齿鲷、单带眶棘鲈、黑带眶棘鲈和伏氏眶棘鲈），采用国家标准方法测定组织中的水分和粗脂肪，经毛细管气相色谱法测定了肌肉中的19种脂肪酸组分，分析和比较了其饱和脂肪酸（SFA）、单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的含量，结果显示，8种金线鱼的鱼体含水量65.32%~73.46%，粗脂肪占干重2.19%~2.92%，肌肉饱和脂肪酸含量为34.61%~46.79%，单不饱和脂肪酸含量为7.22%~23.96%，多不饱和脂肪酸含量为28.66%~55.51%；8种金线鱼的多不饱和脂肪酸中，ω-6系和ω-3系脂肪酸分别占6.62%~14.22%和19.38%~43.71%，比值为2.1~4.1，有较高的营养价值；红衫鱼和黄梢金线鱼的EPA+DHA含量分别为39.27%和33.51%，具有较高开发利用价值。

Abstract:

Eight species of threadfin bream (Nemipterus furcosus, Nemipterus japonicus, Nemipterus nematopus, Nemipterus virgatus, Pentapodus setosus, Scolopsis monogramma, Scolopsis taeniata and Scolopsis vosmeri) sourced from the South China Sea were collected from the market of Zhanjiang, Guangdong province of China. The contents of moisture and crude 1ipid in the tissue were measured by Soxhlet extraction method according to national standard method. Nineteen fatty acid components in muscle samples of threadfin bream were determined by capillary gas chromatography. The content of saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were analyzed and compared respectively. The results showed that the moisture of Threadfin Bream body ranged from 65.32% to 73.46% and crude lipid accounted for 2.19%~2.92% of the dry weight. The contents of muscle saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, crude fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in eight species of Threadfin Bream were 34.61%~46.79%, 7.22%~23.96%, 2.19%~2.92% and 28.66%~55.51%, respectively. Among the polyunsaturated fatty acids of eight species of threadfin bream, the percentage of ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids were 6.62%~14.22% and 19.38%~43.71%, respectively. The ratios of ω-6 vs ω-3 were from 2.1 to 4.1, which indicated threadfin breams had higher nutritional value. Nemipterus virgatus and Nemipterus nematopus had high contents of EPA + DHA (39.27% and 33.51%, respectively), showing high development and utilization value.