利益驱动的食用植物油掺伪现象危及消费安全和食用油市场秩序，亟需建立一套科学合理的食用油鉴伪方法。目前，食用植物油掺伪鉴别的方法主要包括基于常规理化测定的鉴别技术、基于波谱分析的快速鉴别技术、基于代谢组学的全谱指纹分析、基于特征标志物的鉴别技术，这些方法优势互补。其中基于特征标志物的鉴别方法因具有确证性、高灵敏、可实现鉴定多种低价食用油同时掺伪的优点，越发受到研究人员的关注。本文综述了DNA、脂肪酸、植物甾醇、维生素E以及加工过程中引入的外源物质等特征标志物在食用植物油掺伪鉴别中的应用，并分析了各种方法的优势与不足，发现进一步挖掘食用植物油的特征标志物，建立多种标志物的高灵敏同步检测技术是基于特征标志物的食用植物油掺伪鉴别技术的主要发展方向。

Economically motivated adulteration of edible oils endangers consumers’ health and disturbs oil market, which is necessary to establish scientific and reasonable methods for adulteration detection of edible oils. At present, there are four kinds of methods of adulteration detection of edible oils, including quality analysis of ordinary parameters according to national standards, rapid adulteration detection based on spectrometric techniques, metabolomic-guided fingerprints and accurate adulteration methods based on characteristic markers, which can complement each other based on their obvious advantages and disadvantages. Among these methods, the adulteration methods based on characteristic markers have drawn more and more attentions from researches due to high selectivity of markers and high accuracy of multivariate adulteration detection, which can be used to identify a variety of edible oils adulteration at the same time.. In this review, we summarized the research progress on the application of characteristic markers of adulteration detection in edible oils, which included DNA, fatty acid and triacylglycerol, phytosterols, Vitamin E and the exogenous substances introduced during processing. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of these methods were analyzed. In conclusion, we found that the further researches on this direction should focus on further discovery of markers of edible oils and highly sensitive and simultaneous detection methods for characteristic markers in several edible oils.

国家科技支持计划课题（2012BAK08B03）；国家自然科学基金项目（21205118）；国家农产品质量安全风险评估重大项目（GJFP2017001、GJFP2017015-02）；农业部、财政部专项课题“国家油菜现代产业技术体系建设”（批准号：CARS-12-10B）；中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项（1610172017008）