本文采用经典的植物内生菌分离方法，从两种不同产地的竹叶兰植株的根、茎及叶片部位中共分离出16株可培养的内生真菌，其中4种真菌分离自云南省西双版纳地区的竹叶兰，12种真菌分离自广西省百色市的竹叶兰。根据形态学观察和ITS基因序列同源性分析，大致分为7类，其中Phanerochaete sp.、Phyllosticta capitalensis、Diaporthe sp.、Hypoxylon sp.、Nodullsporium sp.、Chaetomium nigricolor各一株，其余10个菌株均属于Colletotrichum sp.，说明Colletotrichum sp.为竹叶兰内生真菌的一大优势种。通过对其中5种内生真菌的抗氧化活性进行测定（DPPH自由基清除法、Fe3+还原能力法及H2O2自由基清除法），得到具有较强抗氧化活性的2种菌株BSSF-2及YNLF-1（对DPPH自由基的清除率≥80%），经鉴定菌株BSSF-2为Colletotrichum karstii，菌株YNLF-1为Phanerochaete sp.。本研究结果表明，药用植物内生真菌在寻找新型抗氧化药物的方面具有广阔前景。

16 endophytic strains of fungi were isolated from roots, stems and leaves of two different origins of Arundina graminifolia using classical endophyte isolation method during an interesting investigation on the culturable endophyte communities and diversities of Arundina graminifolia grown in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province and Baise, Guangxi province. Among them, Four endophytic fungi were isolated from Arundina graminifolia grown in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province, and 12 endophytic fungi were isolated from Arundina graminifolia grown in Baise, Guangxi province. According to the morphological observation and ITS gene sequence homology analysis, they were divided into 7 categories, including Phanerochaete sp., Phyllosticta capitalensis, Diaporthe sp., Hypoxylon sp., Nodullsporium sp., Chaetomium nigricolor, and the other 10 strains belonging to Colletotrichum sp., indicating that Colletotrichum sp. was a dominant species of endophytic fungi. Two kinds of strains BSSF-2 and YNLF-1 (DPPH free radicals scavenging rate ≥80%) with strong antioxidant activity were obtained by measuring the antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging assay, the reducing ability of Fe3+ and H2O2 radical scavenging assay) of 5 endophytic fungi (i.e., YNLF-1, BSSF-2, BSRF-1, BSRF-2 and BSRF-3). The strain BSSF-2 was identified as Colletotrichum karstii, the strain YNLF-1 was Phanerochaete sp. The results of this study showed that the endophytic fungi of medicinal plants had broad prospects for the development of antioxidant drugs.

国家自然科学基金项目（81473422）；中央高校基础研究基金项目（SCUT-2015zz051）