研究提取温度对香菇多糖结构的影响，以期为香菇多糖在保健品、药品等开发提供一定的理论依据。本文拟以香菇子实体为原料，采用热水浸提法，料液比1:20，两次提取，设定提取温度为100 ℃、119 ℃和140 ℃从而获得三种香菇多糖样品LEP-A、LEP-B和LEP-C，多糖含量随着水提温度的升高而增大。液相色谱分析显示，LEP-A、LEP-B和LEP-C样品均为葡萄糖单一组分组成。红外光谱分析显示三种香菇多糖均含有3600~3000 cm-1处-OH伸缩振动、3000~2800 cm-1处糖类-CH伸缩振动、在1450~1200 cm-1之间出现的羧基伸缩振动，表明这三种物质均具有多糖的特征吸收，结合其他特征峰确定多糖是吡喃型多糖。LEP-A、LEP-B和LEP-C免疫活性进行分析可知，三种香菇多糖样品均具有增强巨噬细胞吞噬能力、刺激T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞增殖的作用，且低温提取的多糖促进作用优于高温。

The effect of extraction temperature on the structure of Lentinan polysaccharide was investigated three kinds of Lentinan polysaccharide samples, including LEP-A, LEP-B and LEP-C, were obtained from Lentinus edodes by hot water extraction method. The extraction conditions were as follows: the ratio of material to liquid was 1:20 and extraction times for 2 with different extraction temperature changing from 100℃ to 140℃. The content of polysaccharide significantly increased with the increase of extraction temperature. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that the monosaccharide composition of three crude polysaccharides contained only glucose. Analysis of IR spectrum proved that three kinds of polysaccharides contained the stretching vibration of -OH at 3600- 3000 cm-1, the stretching vibration of -CH at 3000 -2800 cm-1, and the stretching vibration of carboxyl at 1430-1200 cm-1. All of them were the characteristic IR absorption peaks of polysaccharides. In combination with other characteristic absorption peaks, the polysaccharide was confirmed as a pyran polysaccharide. LEP-A, LEP-B and LEP-C immunoreactivity analysis showed that the three kinds of Lentinan polysaccharide samples could improve the phagocytosis of macrophages and stimulate the proliferation rate of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. Also, the activities of polysaccharide obtained at low extraction temperature such as 100℃ and 119℃ were higher than that at 140℃.

广东省科技计划项目（2017A010105002）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2017ZD093）