为了解天津地区奶牛乳房炎中金黄色葡萄球菌的致病情况以及对抗生素药物的敏感性，为科学治疗奶牛乳房炎提供参考以及防控兽药残留提供依据，采用甘露醇高盐培养基和冻干兔血浆对采自天津地区7个牛场50个样品进行分离鉴定，采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。经分离鉴定确定分离29株金黄色葡萄球菌，4株其他致病性葡萄球菌。对分离出的金葡菌进行8类29种常用抗生素的耐药性分析。对金黄色葡萄球菌分离株进行PCR扩增耐药基因，并通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行检测。结果表明，29株金葡菌分离株对8类29种常用抗生素均有不同程度耐药性。其中对大环内酯类、林可酰胺类药物耐药率普遍较高，平均耐药率为77.01%和89.66%，对β-内酰胺类、喹诺酮类和氨基糖苷类药物耐药率均低于50%。分离株对青霉素G、乙酰螺施霉素和林克霉素表现为完全耐药（100%），对头孢哌酮、头孢噻肟、阿莫西林、氨苄西林、恩诺沙星、新霉素和大观霉素等耐药率在20%~40%之间。分离株的耐药基因检测结果表示，耐药基因阳性检出率普遍小于耐药基因表型的检出率。

To understand the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy cow mastitis and the sensitivity to antibiotics in Tianjin area. Mannitol salt medium and high lyophilized rabbit plasma were used for isolation and identification of 50 samples that were collected from seven cattle farms in Tianjin to provide scientific references for treatment of dairy cow mastitis and prevention of veterinary drug residues, and the susceptibility tests were performed by disk diffusion method. 29 Staphylococcus aureus and 4 other pathogenic Staphylococci were isolated and identified. Drug resistance of isolated Staphylococcus aureus were analyzed with 8 categories of 29 species commonly used antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were amplified by PCR of the drug resistance gene and detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The result showed that 29 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus had different resistance to 8 categories of 29 species antibiotics. The drug resistance rates to macrolides and lincosamides were generally high, which were 77.01% and 89.66% in average, and the drug resistance rates to β-lactams, quinolones and aminoglycoside were all 50% below. The isolates had the complete resistance (100%) to penicillin G, Acetyl-Lo and lincomycin, and the 20%~40% resistance rates to cefoperazone, cefotaxime, amoxicillin, ampicillin, enrofloxacin, neomycin, spectinomycin. Analysis of the drug resistance gene showed that the positive rate of drug resistance gene was generally less than that of phenotypic rate of drug resistance gene.

农业部公益性农业行业科研专项（201403071-5）；山东省自然基金青年基金项目（2015ZRB01095）；山东省重点研发计划（2016GSF120010）；山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目（BS2014NY011）；青岛农业大学高层次人才科研基金项目（6631115043）