以山东和广东两地金银花为原料，利用二氧化碳超临界萃取法从中分离挥发油，并利用分离挥发油后的残渣制备浸膏。采用GC-MS联用分析挥发油组成，采用高效液相色谱测定金银花浸膏中的绿原酸和木犀草苷含量，通过琼脂片扩散法和最小抑菌浓度法(Minimum Inhibitory Concentration，MIC)检测金银花挥发油和浸膏的抗菌活性。分离得到的金银花挥发油主要成分为反丁烯二腈（61.5%）和乙酸戊酯（37.7%）。山东产地的金银花水溶相浸膏中绿原酸和木犀草苷的含量在四种浸膏中最多。金银花挥发油和浸膏对6种致病菌表现出不同程度的抑制作用，两类提取物对革兰氏阳性菌的抗菌作用优于革兰氏阴性菌。山东产金银花的挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌作用最强，抑菌圈直径为9.3 mm，MIC值为64 μL/mL；广东产金银花水相浸膏对枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌作用最强，抑菌圈直径达到15 mm以上，MIC值为16 μL/mL。两地金银花提取物的抗菌活性无明显差异。

Lonicera japonica, obtained from Shandong and Guangdong, was used as the raw material in this study. The volatile oil was separated by CO2 supercritical fluid extraction, and afterwards the water-soluble and the water-insoluble subfraction were prepared from the residue after volatile oil isolation. The chemical composition of volatile oil was analyzed by GC-MS and high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the content of chlorogenic acid and galuteolin in residue extract of Lonicera japonica. The anti-bacterial activities of volatile oil and extract were investigated by disk diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The main components of Lonicera japonica volatile oil were fumaronitrile (61.5%) and amyl acetate (37.7%), and the content of lorogenic acid and galuteolin in water-soluble residue extract from Shandong province was the highest among the 4 residue extracts. The Lonicera japonica volatile oil and subfractions of ethanol extract exhibited different inhibitory effects on the six pathogens. The antimicrobial effect of the two extracts on gram-positive bacteria was better than that of gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial effect of the volatile oil in Lonicera japonica from Shandong was the strongest with the MIC of 64 μL/mL and the diameter of inhibition zone of 9.3 mm. Meanwhile, the water-soluble subfraction of Lonicera japonica from Guangdong showed a significantly high antibacterial effect on bacillus subtilis with the diameter of inhibition zones above 15mm and MIC value of 16 μL/mL. There was no significant difference in the antibacterial activity of the extract in Lonicera japonica from Guangdong and Shandong.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（E8160440、B5130810）