为综合利用石斛资源，分析测定传统法及酶辅助提取法提取石斛多糖后副产物上清液中生物碱、多酚、黄酮和多糖成分及含量，以DPPH自由基清除率，羟基自由基清除率、总还原能力和α-淀粉酶抑制能力为标准表征上清液的抗氧化和降糖活性。研究结果表明：果胶酶辅助提取石斛多糖的上清液副产物中生物碱、多酚、黄酮及多糖物质含量及生物活性均高于传统法提取多糖后的石斛上清液。其中经过7.5 U果胶酶处理的石斛上清液中物质含量最高，生物碱、多酚、黄酮及多糖含量分别为：0.1971、0.6873、28.4598和7.0500 mg/g；经15U果胶酶处理后的石斛上清液抗氧化能力最强，对DPPH自由基及羟基自由基的IC50值分别为：1.25和4.1 mg/mL；经量效关系分析，传统法的上清液及总水提液中的多酚、黄酮含量与功能性指标显著相关，采用酶处理后上清液与功能性指标无显著相关性。

In order to utilize the resource of Dendrobium devonianu Paxt., the content of alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids and polysaccharides in the supernatant of Dendrobium byproducts were determined after the polysaccharides were extracted by traditional method and enzyme assisted extraction method. The antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of the supernatant were characterized by the DPPH free radical scavenging rate, the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate, the total reducing capacity and α-amylase inhibition capacity. The results showed that alkaloids, polyphenols and flavonoids and polysaccharides content as well as biological activity in supernatant of Dendrobium byproducts after the polysaccharides were by pectinase assisted extraction were much higher than those in traditional method. The content of alkaloid, polyphenols, flavonoids and polysaccharide in supernatant of Dendrobium, treated with 7.5 U pectinase has the highest material content were 0.1971, 0.6873, 28.4598 and 7.0500 mg/g, respectively; The supernatant of Dendrobium devonianu Paxt treated with 12.5 U pectinase have the strongest antioxidant capacity, the DPPH free radicals’ and hydroxyl lradicals IC50 value were1.25 and 4.1 mg/mL, respectively. After analysis the relationship of does-effect, the content of polyphenols, flavonoids in the supernatant and the total water extract extracted by the traditional method were significantly correlated with the functional indexes, there was no significant correlation between the supernatant and the functional indexes after enzyme treatment.