不同品种山楂活性成分及其抗氧化活性的研究

Bioactive Compounds of Different Hawthorn Cultivars and Their Antioxidant Activities

摘要:

本文以产自山东地区的山里红和大金星这两个常见山楂品种作为研究对象，山楂冻干制成粉末后测定它们的总酚、总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性（DPPH、ORAC和PSC），并采用HPLC分析抗氧化活性成分的差异。结果显示不同品种山楂中的总酚和总黄酮含量各异，其中山里红果实的总酚（61.91 mg GA equiv./g DW）和总黄酮（55.96 mg catechin equiv./g DW）含量均显著高于大金星。山楂果实提取物均有较好的抗氧化活性，其中山里红品种表现出更好的抗氧化活性，其ORAC及PSC值分别是大金星的1.54和2倍。山楂果实提取液经HPLC法分析，鉴定出7种多酚类化学成分，最主要的酚类化合物为原花青素B2以及表儿茶素，且山里红果实多酚类化合物的含量显著高于大金星。综合比较发现山楂中的活性成分含量及种类各异，且山里红的抗氧化活性较强，是天然抗氧化剂的潜在原料。

Abstract:

The antioxidant properties of two common hawthorn cultivars, Shanlihong and Dajinxing, which are widely grown in the Shandong province of China, were examined. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity of hawthorn powder prepared by freeze-drying were measured. Antioxidant activity was assessed based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and rapid peroxyl radical scavenging capacity (PSC). Moreover, differences in the identity and quantity of active components with antioxidant activities between the two cultivars were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The TPC and TFC of the Shanlihong extract (61.91 mg gallic acid equivalents/g DW and 55.96 mg catechin equivalents/g DW, respectively) were significantly higher than those of the Dajinxing extract. While both of the hawthorn fruit extracts had high antioxidant activity, the Shanlihong extract showed higher antioxidant activity than the Dajinxing extract, with a 1.54-fold higher ORAC and a two-fold higher PSC. Analysis of the hawthorn fruit extracts by HPLC led to the identification of seven polyphenols. Procyanidin B2 and epicatechin were the predominant phenolic compounds in both the Shanlihong and Dajinxing cultivars, and the polyphenol content of the Shanlihong cultivar was significantly higher than that of the Dajinxing cultivar. This comprehensive evaluation shows that the quantity and type of bioactive components in hawthorn differ between different cultivars, and that the Shanlihong cultivar, which has stronger antioxidant activity than the Dajinxing cultivar, is a potential source of natural antioxidants.