本文研究了活性炭用于糖蜜酵母废水脱色的预处理效果，结合出水混合营养培养蛋白核小球藻净化水质，开发了两阶段工艺。经比较八种市售活性炭粉的脱色效果，证实活性炭200#在剂量为3.0%(m/V)、pH 3.00时脱色效果最好，色度去除率高达98.96%，同时废水COD和TN去除率分别达到54.50%和46.75%。脱色出水混合营养培养蛋白核小球藻，8 d后获得的生物量浓度(2.29 g/L)、COD和TP去除率(72.41%和79.36%)都显著高于未经预处理的原废水(p<0.05)。该两步法整体工艺对废水COD、TN和TP的总去除率分别高达87.82%、68.26%和78.57%。这些结果说明活性炭脱色显著提高了糖蜜酵母废水的透光性、显著降低了废水浓度，在蛋白核小球藻后续培养过程实现了深度净化。因此，两阶段工艺是一种能将高效净化废水和生产小球藻生物质结合在一起的优化工艺。

A two-step process for the purification of molasses wastewater from the yeast industry was developed using a combination of active charcoal-based decolorization and mixotrophic cultivation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in the effluent. The color removal effects of eight types of commercial active charcoal powders were compared, and the optimal color removal effect was obtained using No. 200 active charcoal powder at a concentration of 3.0% (m/V) and pH 3.00. The removal rates of color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total nitrogen (TN) were high: up to 98.96%, 54.50%, and 46.75%, respectively. The decolored effluent was then used for mixotrophic cultivation of C. pyrenoidosa. The final biomass concentration (2.29 g/L) and the removal rates of COD and total phosphate (TP) (72.41% and 79.36%) after 8 days’ cultivation were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of the original wastewater without pretreatment. The total removal rates of COD, TN, and TP of this two-step process reached 87.82%, 68.26%, and 78.57%, respectively. These results indicate that the decolorization of wastewater by active charcoal can dramatically enhance the transparency and reduce the concentration of wastewater, and deep purification was realized by the subsequent mixotrophic cultivation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. In conclusion, the two-step process developed in the current study is an optimized process combining high-efficiency wastewater purification and Chlorella cultivation.

国家863计划项目（2013AA065802）；国家自然科学基金项目（31370383）；广东省海洋渔业科技与产业发展专项（A201401C01）；广东省公益研究与能力建设项目（2015A020216003、2016A010105001）