短期摄食卵黄磷脂与鱼油对高脂小鼠脂质代谢的影响

Effects of Short-term Consumption of Fish Oil-egg-phospholipid on Lipid Metabolism in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet

摘要:

比较研究短期摄食磷脂型（Docosahexaenoic acid, DHA)、甘油三酯型DHA以及甘油三酯型DHA与卵黄磷脂复合物对高脂小鼠脂质代谢的影响。C57BL/6J小鼠按体重分为5组，低脂对照组、高脂模型组、磷脂型DHA组、甘油三酯型DHA组、甘油三酯型DHA与蛋黄磷脂的复配组，各受试物组均采用高脂饲料，喂食一周后，分别测定血清、肝脏和脑内的脂质水平以及肝脏和脑内的脂肪酸组成。短期膳食补充DHA后均可不同程度改善小鼠的脂质代谢。磷脂型DHA以及甘油三酯型DHA与蛋黄磷脂的复配同等程度显著降低了高脂摄食小鼠的血清TG浓度；而在降低TC方面，磷脂型DHA效果优于复配型；甘油三酯型DHA与卵黄磷脂的复配组肝脏TG水平显著低于高脂组，但与磷脂型DHA组无显著差异；磷脂型DHA与复配型均显著提高肝脏和脑内DHA含量。磷脂型DHA能够更有效改善高脂饮食小鼠血清和肝脏脂质代谢，且磷脂型DHA在增加脑内DHA方面效果最佳。

Abstract:

The effects of short-term consumption of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-enriched phospholipids, DHA-enriched triglycerides, and the combination of DHA-enriched triglycerides and egg-phospholipids on lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet were compared. C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups: low-fat group, high-fat group, DHA-enriched phospholipid group, DHA-enriched triglyceride group, and DHA-enriched triglyceride-egg-phospholipids combination group. Mice were fed the high-fat diet for a week; thereafter, lipid levels in the serum, liver, and brain were measured, along with the fatty acid compositions in the liver and brain. The short-term dietary supplementation of DHA could improve lipid metabolism in mice to different degrees. The serum triglyceride (TG) concentration was significantly reduced by DHA-enriched phospholipids and by the combination of DHA-enriched triglycerides and egg-phospholipids to the same degree. DHA-enriched phospholipids were superior to the combination of DHA-enriched triglycerides and egg-phospholipids in decreasing total serum cholesterol. The hepatic TG level in the combination group was notably lower than that in the high-fat group. However, no significant difference was observed in the hepatic TG level between the DHA-enriched phospholipids group and the combination group. Furthermore, DHA-enriched phospholipids and the combination of DHA-enriched triglycerides and egg-phospholipids could significantly increase the content of DHA in the liver and brain. DHA-enriched phospholipids could more effectively improve lipid metabolism in the serum and liver of mice fed a high-fat diet, and showed the highest increase in brain DHA level.