富硒对黄粉虫蛋白分布及其酶解多肽抗氧化活性的影响

Effects of Selenium Enrichment on Protein Distribution in Tenebrio molitor and Antioxidative Activity of Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Tenebrio molitor Peptides

摘要:

本实验讨论了富硒对黄粉虫蛋白及其硒含量的影响；按照溶解性依次提取水、盐、醇和碱四种可溶性蛋白，通过原子荧光光谱仪进行硒含量的测定；对富硒黄粉虫蛋白进行酶解来获得含硒多肽，并以红细胞溶血为模型对比了富硒前后黄粉虫水解多肽的细胞抗氧化活性。结果发现，富硒后黄粉虫蛋白所占干重比例由53.86%上升至59.12%，分子量对应75 ku和37 ku的蛋白电泳条带在富硒后变深；富硒黄粉虫中（Se-TM）总硒含量为573.32 μg/kg，其中有机硒含量为524.91 μg/kg，占总硒含量的91.56%；在可溶性蛋白中，硒主要存在于碱溶蛋白中，占总硒的26.62%，此外，有46.63%的硒存在于不溶性组分中；富硒黄粉虫水解得到的多肽（Se-TMP）对红细胞溶血的抑制率在样品浓度为3 mg/mL时为87.32%，在实验各样品浓度下Se-TMP对红细胞氧化溶血的抑制率均高于未富硒黄粉虫水解多肽（TMP）。

Abstract:

The effects of selenium-enrichment on Tenebrio molitor (mealworm) protein and its selenium concentration were evaluated. Based on solubility, water-, salt-, ethanol-, and alkali-soluble proteins from T. molitor were extracted, and the selenium concentration was measured using an atomic fluorescence spectrometer. Selenium-enriched mealworm protein was hydrolyzed by enzymes to obtain Se-containing T. molitor peptide (Se-TMP), and the cellular antioxidant activities of Se-TMP and TMP were determined and compared using erythrocyte hemolysis as a model. The results showed that the dry weight ratio of mealworm proteins after Se-enrichment increased from 53.86% to 59.12% and electrophoretic bands at 75 and 37 ku were darker in Se-enriched proteins. The total selenium concentration in Se-enriched T. molitor was 573.32 μg/kg and organic selenium concentration was 524.91 μg/kg (91.56%). In soluble protein, selenium was mainly present in alkali-soluble protein, accounting for 26.62% of the total selenium. Furthermore, 46.63% of total selenium was found in the insoluble component. At a sample concentration of 3 mg/mL, the inhibition rate of Se-TMP on erythrocyte hemolysis was 87.32%. The inhibition rates of Se-TMP were all higher than those of TPM at various sample concentrations.