低分子量蛹虫草多糖降血糖活性的研究

Study of the Hypoglycemic Activity of Low Molecular Weight Polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris

摘要:

采用高血糖小鼠模型验证低分子量蛹虫草多糖在体内的降血糖活性。以腹腔注射链脲佐菌素（STZ）构建小鼠糖尿病模型，小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组、低分子量蛹虫草多糖高、中、低剂量组，研究低分子量蛹虫草多糖对小鼠空腹血糖值、糖耐量、脏器指数、体重、血清总胆固醇(TC)和三酰甘油(TG)等指标的影响。连续灌胃给药4周，与模型组相比，剂量组小鼠的体重呈升高趋势，具有显著性差异（p<0.01），高剂量组（200 mg/kg）降糖效果最好，给药4周后空腹血糖降至13.7±2.4 mmol/L，结果表明，低分子量蛹虫草多糖显示出较好的降血糖效果，能明显降低糖尿病小鼠血糖值，且在一定范围内能改善小鼠糖耐量异常，同时能有效减轻高血糖对肾脏和肝脏的损伤和缓解由糖代谢紊乱所引发的体重下降问题。

Abstract:

The in vivo hypoglycemic activity of low molecular weight polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris was verified using a mouse model of hyperglycemia. Diabetes was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), and the mice were randomly divided into five groups: an untreated diabetic model group, positive control group, and three low molecular weight polysaccharide-treated groups (high, medium, and low doses); a normal control group was also included. The effects of low molecular weight polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris on the levels of fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance, organ index, body weight, serum total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were investigated. The weight of mice that were fed low molecular weight polysaccharides by gavage for four weeks presented an increasing trend, showing significant difference when compared with that of the model group (p<0.01). The high dose group (200 mg/kg) showed the greatest hypoglycemic effect, and the fasting blood glucose level was decreased to 13.7±2.4 mmol/L after four weeks. The results indicated that the low molecular weight polysaccharide of Cordyceps militaris had good hypoglycemic effects on diabetic mice, significantly lowering their blood glucose level and improving their impaired glucose tolerance to a certain extent. Meanwhile, it could effectively reduce the kidney and liver damage caused by hyperglycemia, and alleviate the weight loss caused by glucose metabolism disorder in diabetic mice.